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Master thesis . 2025
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UTL Repository
Master thesis . 2025
Data sources: UTL Repository
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Efeitos cardiovasculares dos esteroides anabolizantes

Authors: Arnaud, Vasco Peixão;

Efeitos cardiovasculares dos esteroides anabolizantes

Abstract

Os esteroides androgénicos anabolizantes são substâncias com uma estrutura química semelhante à testosterona, capazes de induzir alterações no músculo esquelético e nas características sexuais secundárias masculinas. A maioria dos esteroides androgénicos anabolizantes exerce os seus efeitos principais através da ligação ao recetor androgénico, podendo também estar associados a vários mecanismos de sinalização celular. Estima-se que a prevalência global do seu uso seja de 3,3%, não existindo dados epidemiológicos suficientes em Portugal. Atualmente, são comercializadas três substâncias desta classe farmacoterapêutica em Portugal para o tratamento de diversas patologias humanas, no entanto, é o abuso de esteroides androgénicos anabolizantes que se encontra mais documentado, geralmente em atletas, principalmente fisiculturistas e sem um padrão bem definido. As doenças cardiovasculares são predominantemente referidas como a consequência mais comum do seu abuso, nomeadamente a aterosclerose, a hipertrofia ventricular esquerda, a fibrose ou a hipertensão arterial, induzidas por mecanismos como alterações do perfil lipídico, stress oxidativo ou modificações do sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona. Estudos in vitro, ex vivo e in vivo em animais demonstram que os esteroides androgénicos anabolizantes induzem vários mecanismos celulares, nomeadamente o aumento do stress oxidativo, a hipertrofia celular, modificações na expressão génica e apoptose celular, bem como alterações em diversas vias de sinalização celular. A compreensão dos mecanismos induzidos pelos esteroides androgénicos anabolizantes capazes de causar efeitos cardiovasculares é de grande importância para a saúde pública, podendo contribuir para a prevenção e tratamento destas doenças, que apresentam elevadas taxas de mortalidade e morbilidade. Além disso, é fundamental destacar que a procura por atualização sobre os mecanismos de ação dos esteroides androgénicos anabolizantes e as suas reações adversas deve ser parte integrante da agenda do profissional de saúde. Estes profissionais tem a responsabilidade de contribuir para a consciencialização da população sobre os riscos associados ao uso indevido destas substâncias, promovendo assim uma abordagem preventiva e educativa.

Anabolic androgenic steroids are substances with a chemical structure similar to testosterone, capable of inducing changes in skeletal muscle and male secondary sex characteristics. The majority of anabolic androgenic steroids exert their main effects by binding to the androgen receptor, and may also be associated with various cell signaling mechanisms. The global prevalence of their use is estimated at 3.3%, but there is not enough epidemiological data in Portugal. There are currently three substances of this pharmacotherapeutic class on the market in Portugal for the treatment of various human pathologies, however, it is the abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids that is most documented, generally in athletes, mainly bodybuilders, and with no clearly defined pattern. Cardiovascular diseases are predominantly reported as the most common consequence of their abuse, in particular atherosclerosis, left ventricular hypertrophy, fibrosis or hypertension, induced by mechanisms such as changes in the lipid profile, oxidative stress or modifications to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. In vitro, ex vivo and in vivo animal studies show that anabolic androgenic steroids induce various cellular mechanisms, including increased oxidative stress, cell hypertrophy, changes in gene expression and cell apoptosis, as well as changes in various cell signaling pathways. An understanding of the mechanisms induced by anabolic androgenic steroids capable of causing cardiovascular effects is of great importance for public health and could contribute to the prevention and treatment of these diseases, which have high mortality and morbidity rates. In addition, it is essential to highlight that the search for updates on the mechanisms of action of anabolic androgenic steroids and their adverse reactions should be an important part of the health professional's agenda. These professionals have a significant responsibility to help raise awareness among the general population about the risks associated with the misuse of these substances, thereby promoting a preventive and educational approach.

Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2024, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia.

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Efeitos cardiovasculares, Esteróides androgénicos anabolizantes, Cardiomiócitos, Fisiculturismo, Mestrado Integrado - 2024, Recetor androgénico, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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