SummaryAccording to the literature, lung cancer patients experience greater emotional distress than other cancer patients, with scores as high as 61,6%. Poor prognosis, guilt and stigma associated with a history of smoking, may be related with this morbidity. Several studies mention the prevalence of depression to be between 16 and 22%.As distress affects the family as well, mostly those members involved in the patient care, they should not be forgotten and must be involved in the treatment plan.The authors conclude that lung cancer patients’ distress is highly prevalent and interferes with quality of live and, possibly, prognosis. Therefore, psychosocial care should be integrated early in cancer treatment.Rev Port Pneumol 2007; XIV (2): 261-289