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O risco dos bancos, regulação e a crise financeira internacional

Authors: Matos, Tiago Filipe Almeida;

O risco dos bancos, regulação e a crise financeira internacional

Abstract

Esta dissertação estuda quais são os fatores específicos e externos que determinam o risco dos bancos. Analisa, igualmente, de que forma o efeito desses fatores sobre o risco altera-se consoante estarmos a considerar bancos europeus ou bancos norte-americanos ou mesmo consoante estarmos a considerar períodos temporais tão distintos como o período que antecedeu a crise financeira internacional de 2008 e o período que se seguiu a essa crise. Por último, avalia o efeito que a regulação económica e bancária tem sobre o risco dos bancos. Com base em dados de painel de uma amostra de 557 bancos, dos quais 181 são da Europa e 376 dos Estados Unidos, abrangendo o período de 2004 a 2012, estima-se um modelo dinâmico do risco dos bancos. Os resultados sugerem que este risco é, de facto, influenciado por um conjunto de fatores específicos e externos, com particular destaque para o rating do país, o rácio de endividamento e a dimensão do banco. No que toca ao efeito da regulação, concluímos que os países com medidas de regulação mais restritivas são os países onde os bancos estão expostos a um maior nível de risco.

ABSTRACT: This dissertation examines which bank-specific and external factors determine banks’ risk. It also investigates whether the effect of these factors on banks’ risk varies for European and US banks and for the pre-crisis period of 2008 and the more recent years, where the economy has been under the crisis. At last, it analysis the effect of some regulatory measures on banks’ risk. Based on a panel of 557 banks, 181 from Europe and 376 from the US, spanning the period of 2004 to 2012, we estimate a dynamic model of banks’ risk. The results suggest that banks’ risk is indeed determined by a broad set of bank-specific and external factors. The factors with a higher effect are the rating of the country, the banks’ leverage and the size of the bank. This study provides empirical evidence that the effect of the bank-specific and external factors depends on the region where the bank has its headquarters and also on the time-period considered. Regarding regulation, we conclude that countries with more strict regulatory environments are the countries where banks are more exposed to risk.

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Portugal
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Keywords

Bancos, Risk, Banks, Financial Crisis, Estados Unidos da América, Europa, Risco Financeiro, Crise Financeira

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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