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Conceito e modelos da Medicina Preventiva

Authors: Mguel, José Pereira;

Conceito e modelos da Medicina Preventiva

Abstract

A Medicina Preventiva (MP) continua a ser uma necessidade essencial face às persistentes insatisfações com a saúde, nomeadamente o nível insuficiente alcançado, as desigualdades entre grupos sociais e o aumento contínuo dos custos. As oportunidades decorrentes do progresso científico e tecnológico, das reformas dos sistemas de saúde e da evolução social devem ser aproveitadas para reforçar a sua implementação. Neste contexto, considera-se pertinente revisitar o conceito de MP e alguns modelos clássicos que têm estruturado o pensamento e a ação neste domínio, analisando a sua validade e utilidade atuais. O conceito é abordado numa perspetiva ampla, evocando as suas raízes históricas nacionais e internacionais e destacando os contributos de membros da Academia das Ciências de Lisboa. São analisados modelos agrupados em duas vertentes: a MP individual ou clínica, centrada na “história natural da doença”, e a MP populacional ou de saúde pública, que integra os “determinantes da saúde”, as “funções essenciais da saúde pública” e a “promoção da saúde”. Conclui-se que, apesar da sua antiguidade e necessidade de atualização, estes modelos mantêm interesse como referenciais para o ensino, o exercício profissional e a organização dos cuidados de saúde, sendo fortemente recomendáveis para a implementação da MP.

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Portugal
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    influence
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green