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Derrames de Hidrocarbonetos no Mar

Aplicação da Deriva Inversa para a Otimização da Parametrização do Modelo OpenDrift
Authors: Rosa, Mariana Luís;

Derrames de Hidrocarbonetos no Mar

Abstract

Este estudo analisa a origem provável de uma mancha de poluição detetada por satélite a 5 de março de 2022, após o naufrágio do navio Felicity Ace ao largo dos Açores. Para tal, foram realizadas simulações de deriva inversa (backtracking) com o modelo numérico OpenDrift, utilizando o módulo OpenOil para representar o transporte superficial de hidrocarbonetos. Foram testadas quatro hipóteses, combinando duas posições iniciais (noroeste e nordeste da mancha) e duas janelas temporais (4 e 9 dias), com diferentes tipos de hidrocarbonetos (Fuel Oil No. 6, Fuel Oil No. 2 e Marine Diesel Oil), fatores de deriva pelo vento (0.0%, 1.5% e 3.0%) e valores de dispersão inicial (radius). A avaliação baseou-se em três critérios complementares: distância entre centróides, diferença de área e percentagem de partículas dentro da área estimada da mancha observada. Esta combinação permitiu comparar objetivamente os cenários e identificar os mais consistentes em termos espaciais e físicos. Os resultados indicaram que as simulações com janelas temporais mais curtas (4 dias), associadas ao Fuel Oil No. 6 e a fatores de deriva pelo vento mais elevados (1.5–3.0%), reproduziram com maior fiabilidade a extensão e a posição da mancha detetada, sobretudo para a hipótese com ponto inicial a nordeste. Já as simulações de maior duração apresentaram dispersão mais acentuada e menor sobreposição espacial. A análise reforça a importância da seleção criteriosa da posição inicial, da janela temporal e dos parâmetros físicos na modelação de backtracking, sobretudo quando os dados observacionais são limitados. As conclusões reforçam o potencial do OpenDrift como ferramenta de apoio à análise e gestão de eventos de poluição marinha, recomendando a exploração futura de novos critérios de avaliação, a aplicação a outros casos de estudo e a inclusão de processos adicionais, como o transporte tridimensional e a degradação dos hidrocarbonetos.

This study analyzes the probable origin of an oil pollution slick detected by satellite on March 5, 2022, following the sinking of the Felicity Ace off the Azores. To this end, reverse drift (backtracking) simulations were carried out using the Open- Drift numerical model, with the OpenOil module representing the surface transport of hydrocarbons. Four hypotheses were tested, combining two initial positions (northwest and northeast of the slick) and two time windows (4 and 9 days), with different types of hydrocarbons (Fuel Oil No. 6, Fuel Oil No. 2, and Marine Diesel Oil), wind drift factors (0.0%, 1.5%, and 3.0%), and initial dispersion values (radius). The assessment relied on three complementary criteria: centroid distance, area difference, and the percentage of particles within the estimated extent of the observed slick. This combination allowed for an objective comparison of the scenarios and the identification of the most consistent ones in both spatial and physical terms. The results indicated that simulations with shorter time windows (4 days), associated with Fuel Oil No. 6 and higher wind drift factors (1.5–3.0%), most reliably reproduced the extent and position of the detected slick, particularly for the hypothesis with the initial point to the northeast. In contrast, longer-duration simulations resulted in greater dispersion and lower spatial overlap. This analysis highlights the importance of a careful selection of the initial position, time window, and physical parameters in backtracking modeling, especially when observational data are limited. The findings reinforce the potential of OpenDrift as a supporting tool for the analysis and management of marine pollution events, recommending the future exploration of new evaluation criteria, applications to other case studies, and the inclusion of additional processes such as three-dimensional transport and hydrocarbon weathering.

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Hidrocarbonetos, Derrames no Mar, Modelação de Deriva, Backtracking, OpenDrift, Marine Pollution, Hydrocarbons, OpenDrift, Drift Modelling

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green