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A CARTA-PORTULANO

Authors: Pacheco, Luís Miguel Cardoso Pércio Bessa;

A CARTA-PORTULANO

Abstract

O processo de construção das cartas-portulano, especialmente desenvolvidas para auxílio da navegação marítima do século XIII ao XVII, tem sido alvo de investigação por diversos autores, particularmente desde o início do século XX. Portugal foi pioneiro na produção de cartas-portulano de alturas e de uma sua variante designada hoje em dia por carta plana quadrada. O desenvolvimento tecnológico verificado a partir dos anos 70 do século XX deu origem ao surgimento de sistemas de informação geográfica. Estes sistemas têm permitido explorar de forma inovadora e eficiente a cartografia antiga. Na presente dissertação, para além do recurso às descrições de fontes coevas sobre a produção e o enquadramento do desenvolvimento cartográfico, foram utilizados sistemas de informação geográfica para análise de diversas características das cartas-portulano. Da análise realizada conclui-se sobre os eventuais efeitos da declinação magnética na produção das cartas-portulano rumadas, tendo-se identificado o período de 1200 a 1250 como o mais provável para a aquisição dos dados referentes à linha de costa do Mediterrâneo. Conclui-se ainda sobre a representação da grelha geográfica implícita nas cartas-portulano de alturas tendo em conta o processo de construção e representação da linha de costa das áreas cartografadas. No que se refere às cartas planas quadradas apresenta-se uma explicação sustentada em fontes coevas sobre o surgimento da graduação do equador, que poderá contribuir significativamente para a discussão sobre a sua construção e funcionalidade.

The construction process of the XIII to XVII centuries maritime portolan charts is not completely known and is under international research, especially since the beginning of the XX century. Portugal was pioneer in the development of latitude portolan charts and one of its variants designated plane square chart. The technical developments of the XX century paved the way to the development of geographic information systems. These systems allow for some new and efficient ways of analysing ancient cartography species. In this thesis, beyond the use of portolan charts contemporary sources descriptions on the generic scope and their construction, several geographic information systems were used for the analysis of these charts characteristics. From the analysis, it was possible to conclude on the effects of the magnetic declination over the rhumb lines portolan charts, considering very plausible that the coastline data of the Mediterranean portolan charts was surveyed between 1200 and 1250. It was also possible to conclude on the geographic implicit grid over latitude portolan charts. On the plane square chart, it is presented an explanation for the graduation of the equator, which may decisively contribute to the ongoing discussion on these charts construction method and functionality.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Mediterrâneo - Portulanos, Teses de mestrado - 2017, carta-portulano, carta plana quadrada, carta rumada, carta de alturas, cartografia náutica, Cartas náuticas - Idade Média, Portulanos - História, Domínio/Área Científica::Humanidades::História e Arqueologia

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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Green