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Determinação de autoanticorpos em doentes com suspeita de hepatite autoimune e cirrose biliar primária

Authors: Rocha, Maria;

Determinação de autoanticorpos em doentes com suspeita de hepatite autoimune e cirrose biliar primária

Abstract

O diagnóstico de doença hepática autoimune em doentes com patologia hepática implica a exclusão de outras causas de lesão hepática como vírica, alcoólica, tóxica, devido a alterações genéticas ou metabólicas, esteatose hepática não alcoólica e uma criteriosa avaliação de dados clínicos, bioquímicos, histológicos e colangiográficos especificas destas patologias (Invernizzi et al 2007) O diagnóstico e tratamento precoces destas patologias são fundamentais para a prevenção da alta morbilidade e mortalidade associada a estes doentes. O despiste de patologia hepática autoimune assenta na utilização de testes serológicos para a deteção de autoanticorpos associados a estas patologias. O conhecimento destes testes e a interpretação dos resultados obtidos revelam-se fundamentais para o diagnóstico ou exclusão destas doenças (Beuers 2005). Deste modo, foi objetivo deste trabalho a pesquisa e identificação de autoanticorpos em uso clínico: ANA, AMA, AML, ANCA, Anti-SLA/LP, anti-LKM, anti-LC1 e anti-actina F, em doentes com suspeita de HAI e CBP em que foi excluída causa vírica, alcoólica e tóxica. O trabalho incidiu particularmente na comparação dos resultados do perfil de autoanticorpos de pedidos feitos ao exterior com os resultados obtidos recorrendo à utilização de um novo kit de imunoblot, e assim determinar a relevância da introdução da pesquisa dos novos autoanticorpos e avaliar a relação custo/benefício da implementação do kit BlueDot liver da D-tek® na rotina laboratorial do serviço de Patologia Clínica do Hospital Pedro Hispano. Os resultados encontrados foram de 100% de concordância entre os métodos de imunofluorescência indireta e imunoblot, e Elisa e Imunoblot. Deste modo seria uma boa estratégia a implementação desta última técnica na rotina laboratorial uma vez que proporciona uma rápida disponibilização dos resultados para o clínico, antecipando desta forma o diagnóstico e o início rápido do tratamento em benefício do doente. Por outro lado, quando analisámos a relação custo/beneficio, seria vantajosa a implementação desta técnica uma vez que o laboratório dispõe de capacidade técnica, e o custo de aquisição do kit não excede o valor praticado atualmente correspondendo a uma poupança de 51%.

Autoimmune liver diseases diagnosis requires the exclusion of other causes of liver injury, such as viral, alcoholic, toxic, genetic or metabolic. Also a careful evaluation of clinical symptoms, bioquimical markers and histology and cholangiografy data is needed. Early diagnosis and tratement of these diseases are crucial in the prevention of their high morbidity and mortality. Screening of autoimmune liver diseases relies on detection of specif autoantibodies. Result interpretation and careful selection of these tests are crucial in the exclusion of these diseases. The aim arm of this study was to detect and identify several autoantibodies in clinical use, including ANA, AMA, SMA, ANCA, anti-SLA/LP, anti-LKM, anti-LC1 and anti F actinin in patients with suspected AIH and PBC in wich other liver disease had been previously excluded. Antibody profiles processed in an external lab were compared with those of imunoblotting kit BlueDot liver D-Tek®. Relevance and implementation of the kit were assessed and implementation in the routine laboratory of Pedro Hispano Hospital was evaluated. The results showed 100% agreement between the two methods. We think the implementation of this method in our laboratory routine would be beneficial as it provides a rapid availability of results leading to a faster diagnosis and treatment. Cost effectiveness is not a problem, as the kit cost does not exceed the cost of external processing, it would even result in a saving of 51%.

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Portugal
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Keywords

Anti-LC1 e anti-actina F, ANCA, Autoanticorpos, Autoimmunity, Autoimmune hepatitis, ANA, Autoimunidade, Fígado, AML, Liver, Autoimmune liver disease, Primary biliary cirrhosis, Doença hepática autoimune, Anti-SLA/LP, Anti-LKM, Cirrose biliar primária, Hepatite autoimune, Autoantibodies

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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