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Harmonização da fiscalidade directa na UE: evolução e perspectivas: a directiva da poupança

Authors: Mendes, Artur José;

Harmonização da fiscalidade directa na UE: evolução e perspectivas: a directiva da poupança

Abstract

A globalização, o desenvolvimento dos espaços económicos e heterogeneidade de sistemas fiscais têm vindo a reflectir-se ao nível fiscal através de múltiplos factores, que potenciam a fraude e evasão fiscal e a concorrência fiscal desleal. A harmonização fiscal em matéria de tributação directa está patente nos esforços desenvolvidos pela Comissão Europeia, traduzidos em vários estudos e relatórios. A questão que se coloca no contexto da nossa dissertação é a seguinte: «Em que medida é possível a harmonização fiscal de tributação directa baseada no direito derivado e na jurisprudência do Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia (TJUE)?». Para tentar dar resposta à questão colocada, começamos por analisar os princípios, os instrumentos jurídicos e as liberdades fundamentais elencados nos tratados da União Europeia (UE), assim como os conceitos e noções normalmente utilizados pela legislação da UE. A evolução e perspectivas em questões de harmonização fiscal no espaço temporal são o objecto de estudo seguinte, com especial ênfase nos instrumentos jurídicos aprovados pelo Conselho e nas propostas de directiva por parte da Comissão, especialmente no que respeita aos modelos de tributação baseados no princípio da tributação unitária ou global. A densificação da Directiva da poupança, as suas forças e fraquezas e a apresentação de alguns casos práticos é o motivo de análise seguinte. Por último abordamos a crescente harmonização fiscal da tributação directa por via negativa levada a cabo pelo TJUE.

Globalization, the development of economic zones and heterogeneity of tax systems have been reflected in the tax level by multiple factors which encourage tax avoidance and evasion and tax competition. Tax harmonization in the field of direct taxation is reflected in efforts by the European Commission, translated in several studies and reports. The question that arises in the context of our paper is as follows: «To what extent is possible to tax harmonization of direct taxation based on legislation and jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union?». To try to answer the question, we first analyze the principles, the legal and fundamental freedoms listed in the EU treaties, as well as the concepts and notions habitually used by the EU legislation. The evolution and perspectives on issues of tax harmonization in the timeline are the subject of the next study, with special emphasis on legal instruments adopted by the Council and proposals for a directive by the Commission, especially as regards taxation models based on the principle of unitary taxation or global. The densification of the Savings Directive, its strengths and weaknesses and present some practical cases is why the following analysis. Finally we discuss the growing tax harmonization of direct taxation by negative carried out by the ECJ.

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Portugal
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Keywords

Tributação directa, Juros, Direct taxation, Decisions of the ECJ, Harmonização fiscal, Directiva da poupança, Interest, Jurisprudência do TJUE, Savings directive, Fiscal harmonization

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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