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handle: 10400.21/3450
A competitividade empresarial há muito que vem sendo abalada, não só em Portugal como em todo o mundo, em boa parte devido à grave crise económico-financeira mundial que atravessamos e da qual tem decorrido um afrouxamento geral do ritmo de actividade económica. Face àquela situação, as empresas têm procurado resistir reduzindo gastos, actuando, por um lado, sobre os mais significativos e, por outro, sobre os mais redundantes e/ou mais supérfluos. Na ânsia de tal redução importa, todavia, ter a consciência que há determinado tipo de gastos cuja evolução influencia decisivamente a competitividade mas que não são facilmente observáveis e, por isso, de difícil controlo. Referimo-nos aos gastos ocultos que incorporam indirectamente os gastos contabilisticamente relevados mas cuja gestão nem sempre é tida em linha de conta porque, aparentemente, não existem. São disso exemplo os relacionados com turnover e absentismo, não aproveitamento de capacidades existentes, deficiências comunicacionais, qualidade do capital humano, etc. Para que as empresas consigam uma maior competitividade empresarial é também essencial que tenham consciência da existência de gastos ocultos e das implicações que os mesmos podem ter no seu desempenho económico. Com este estudo pretendeu-se dar a conhecer alguns daqueles gastos mais comuns e avaliar o reconhecimento de gastos ocultos por parte dos gestores portugueses, tendo-se dirigido um questionário aos gestores/administradores de 94 empresas. Através da análise dos dados principais foi possível observar que, apesar de afirmarem ser necessário conhecer e quantificar os gastos ocultos, não os consideram como factor decisivo para o melhor desempenho económico das suas empresas.
The business competition has long been shaken, not only in Portugal as well as all over the world, largely due to the severe global financial and economic crisis that we are in and from which there has been a general easing in the results of economic activity. Given that situation, companies have sought to resist reducing spending, acting firstly, on the most significant and, secondly, on the most redundant and / or more superfluous issues. This reduction is very important, however, be aware that there are certain types of spending which directly affect the competitiveness developments but aren’t readily observable and it is difficult to control them. We refer to the hidden costs that indirectly influence the expenses for accounting relief but whose management is not always taken into account because, apparently, they do not exist. Examples are those related to turnover and absenteeism, non-use of existing capacities, communication deficiencies, quality of human capital, etc.. For companies to gain a more competitive business it is also essential to be aware of the existence of hidden costs and implications that they may have on their economic performance. This study was intended to make known some of those most common spending and evaluate the recognition of hidden costs by Portuguese managers, so a questionnaire to managers / administrators of 94 organizations was applied. Through analysis of key data we observed that, despite claiming to be necessary to understand and quantify the hidden costs, they do not regard them as decisive for the improved economic performance of their companies.
Competitividade Empresarial, Economic Performance, Questionnaire, Gastos Ocultos, Desempenho Económico, Corporate Competitiveness, Hidden Costs, Questionário
Competitividade Empresarial, Economic Performance, Questionnaire, Gastos Ocultos, Desempenho Económico, Corporate Competitiveness, Hidden Costs, Questionário
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