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Extração e caracterização de novas fibras naturais

Authors: Nicolau, Joana Filipa Dias;

Extração e caracterização de novas fibras naturais

Abstract

Com o crescente foco em fontes sustentáveis e o interesse cada vez maior em utilizar subprodutos de processos industriais, despertou-se um interesse significativo na caracterização física, química e mecânica das fibras naturais, neste caso específico provenientes da casca da espécie Eucalyptus Globulus. O propósito primordial desta dissertação consistiu em analisar as diferencias causadas pelos diversos tratamentos químicos nas propriedades mecânicas das fibras, visando determinar o mais adequado para aplicações específicas. Para atingir tal desígnio, as fibras foram submetidas a um processo de maceração, seguido de três distintos tratamentos de mercerização. Posteriormente, foram conduzidos uma série de ensaios, tais como Microscopia Eletrónica de Varrimento (MEV), Calorimetria Diferencial de Varrimento (DSC), Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FT-IR) e Ensaios de Tração, com o intuito de analisar e compreender os efeitos desses tratamentos sobre as características das fibras. Os resultados destacam que diferentes concentrações de NaOH afetam a constituição e morfologia das fibras, resultando na redução de impurezas. A análise das fibras tratadas revelou ainda variações na estrutura e composição química, refletindo a complexidade da mercerização. Observou-se uma tendência geral de diminuição das impurezas e melhoria na qualidade das fibras. Em termos de comportamento mecânico, o tratamento com 30% de NaOH, sem lavagem com solução de ácido acético, mostrou maior resistência à tração e o módulo de elasticidade reduziu após os tratamentos de mercerização. Estes achados contribuem para o conhecimento sobre os efeitos da mercerização em fibras naturais e têm potencial aplicação no desenvolvimento de materiais mais limpos e de alta qualidade. Este estudo não apenas procura preencher lacunas no conhecimento científico sobre o comportamento das fibras de casca de eucalipto após tratamentos químicos, mas também pretende contribuir para o desenvolvimento de alternativas sustentáveis e eficazes na utilização desses materiais. Ao investigar a resposta das fibras aos diferentes tratamentos, espera-se fornecer informações valiosas para a otimização de processos industriais e a criação de produtos de alta qualidade, promovendo, assim, a sustentabilidade e a inovação na indústria de materiais.

With the growing focus on sustainable sources and an increasing interest to use byproducts from industrial processes, there has been significant interest in the physical, chemical, and mechanical characterization of natural fibers, specifically those derived from the bark of the Eucalyptus Globulus species. The aim of this work is to analyze the effect of different chemical treatments on the mechanical properties of natural fibers. The fibers were subjected to a maceration process to achieve this goal, followed by three different mercerization treatments. The characterization of fibers was evaluated under Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Tensile Tests. The results show that different concentrations of NaOH affect the constitution and morphology of the fibers, resulting in the reduction of impurities. The analysis of the treated fibers also revealed variations in structure and chemical composition, reflecting the complexity of the mercerization process. A general tendency for impurity reduction and improvement in fiber quality was observed. In terms of mechanical behavior, the treatment with 30% NaOH (neutralized with water) presented the highest tensile strength and a decrease of the elastic modulus after mercerization treatments was observed. These findings contribute to the understanding of the effects of mercerization on natural fibers and have potential applications in the development of cleaner and higher quality materials. This study strongly improve the scientific knowledge of eucalyptus fibers after chemical treatments and also aims to contribute to the development of sustainable and effective alternatives for using these materials. By investigating the response of fibers to different treatments, it is expected to provide valuable information for optimizing industrial processes and creating high-quality products, thus promoting sustainability and innovation in the materials industry.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Bark, Fibras Naturais, Eucalyptus, Eucalipto, Casca, Natural Fibers, Mechanical Properties, Propriedades Mecânicas

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green