Factor XI deficiency is a rare bleeding disorder in general population, sometimes it can only become clinically evident when patients develop abnormal bleeding after elective surgery. The authors report a clinical case of a 59 year-old woman who after 10 days of vaginal hysterectomy with McCall, anterior and posterior plasties, presented with severe vaginal bleeding. They point out the importance of the pre-operatory blood tests evaluation, mainly investigation of hemostasis/coagulation tests, and describe the management and treatment of the factor XI deficiency.