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Tributação internacional dos dividendos

Authors: Sita, João Marcelo;

Tributação internacional dos dividendos

Abstract

As primeiras regras sobre a tributação internacional dos dividendos, datam, desde do século XIX, momento em que, intensificaram as trocas económicas internacionais e consequentemente registou-se um aumento do fenómeno da dupla tributação internacional. A crescente necessidade de combater o aludido fenómeno, fez com que, a Sociedade das Nações, criasse um pacote de modelos de convenções sobre a dupla tributação o qual se denominou de, modelos de Genebra de 1928. No tocante a tributação dos dividendos, o pacote de Genebra previa regras de tributação exclusiva de um dos Estados (o da fonte ou da residência). Seguidamente, foram elaborados os modelos do México e de Londres, com soluções similares às do pacote de Genebra relativamente a tributação dos dividendos. Logo após a extinção da Sociedade das Nações, foi criada a Organização das Nações Unidas, onde, as questões sobre a dupla tributação internacional passaram a ser discutidas. Paralelamente, foi criada a Organização Europeia de Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Económico (OECE), que emitiu recomendações relativa a dupla tributação em 25 de Fevereiro de 1955, tendo, seguidamente apresentado um projecto de convenção bilateral para evitar a dupla tributação, a adoptar pelos países membros. Extinta a OECE, criou-se a OCDE e foi já no seio desta que foi publicada em 1963, a primeira versão do MC OCDE e os respectivos Comentários. Um modelo que trás grandes inovações na tributação dos dividendos, pois, adopta uma solução de repartição do poder tributário entre o Estado da fonte e da residência. Finalmente, em 1980, a ONU, apresenta um modelo que toma como base os princípios, e a estrutura do modelo OCDE, com objectivo de atender as preocupações dos países em via de desenvolvimento.

The first rules on the taxation of dividends, dating from the nineteenth century, at which time, intensified international economic exchanges and consequently there was an increase in the phenomenon of double taxation. The growing need to combat the aforementioned phenomenon, meant that the League of Nations, create a model package of agreements on double taxation which is termed, models of Geneva, 1928. Regarding the taxation of dividends, the Geneva package provided tax rules exclusive of the States (the source or residence). Next, models were developed in Mexico and London, with solutions similar to the package of Geneva for the taxation of dividends. Shortly after the demise of the League of Nations, was created the United Nations, where questions of international double taxation began to be discussed. Simultaneously, they created the European Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OEEC), which issued recommendations regarding double taxation on February 25, 1955, and subsequently submitted a draft bilateral agreement to avoid double taxation, to be adopted by member countries. Upon termination of the OEEC, created the OECD and was already in the midst of this, which was published in 1963, the first version of the OECD MC and their comments. A model, which brings major innovations in the taxation of dividends, therefore, adopts a solution for the distribution of taxing powers between the State of source and residence. Finally, in 1980, the United Nations presents a model which is based on the principles and structure of the OECD model, aiming to meet the concerns of the developing countries.

Country
Portugal
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Keywords

Double taxation, Tributação internacional, Dividends, Dupla tributação, International taxation

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
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