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Socioeconomic status and health : the different roles of subjective and objective measures

Authors: Sowa, Hannah Franziska;

Socioeconomic status and health : the different roles of subjective and objective measures

Abstract

Contexto: Compreender a complexa interação entre a saúde auto-avaliada (SRH) e o status socioeconômico (SES) é crucial para revelar disparidades de saúde e formular políticas eficazes para abordá-las. É essencial explorar não apenas determinantes objetivos, mas também subjetivos, para permitir uma compreensão mais abrangente dos fatores determinantes da SRH. Este artigo contribui para a literatura ao adicionar evidências empíricas valiosas sobre o papel do SES e das avaliações de satisfação percebida para a SRH. Assim, esta tese preenche uma lacuna ao incluir uma combinação única de variáveis de satisfação, nomeadamente renda percebida, trabalho, habitação, bem como satisfação geral com a vida. Metodologia: Este estudo empírico utiliza dados longitudinais provenientes do German Socio-Economic Panel Wave 37, abrangendo uma amostra de 11.672 indivíduos nos anos de 2014, 2016 e 2018. Para avaliar a influência de uma ampla gama de variáveis objetivas e subjetivas na SRH, são estimados modelos de resposta ordenada. Além disso, a robustez do modelo é testada por meio da estimação de uma especificação alternativa. Resultados: No contexto alemão, medidas objetivas de SES por si só não capturam completamente os principais fatores que explicam as disparidades socioeconômicas em saúde. Os resultados indicam que a satisfação no trabalho e na vida adiciona poder explicativo significativo para a SRH. Prestígio ocupacional e nível de educação desempenham um papel significativo na probabilidade de relatar a maioria das categorias de SRH. A presença de doenças crônicas e o relato de dificuldades diárias devido à saúde são os principais preditores da SRH.

Background: Understanding the complex interplay of self-rated health (SRH) and socioeconomic status (SES) is crucial for uncovering health disparities and for formulating effective policies to address them. It is essential to explore not only objective but also subjective determinants of SRH to allow for a more comprehensive understanding. This paper contributes to the literature by adding valuable empirical evidence on the role of SES and perceived satisfaction ratings for SRH. Thereby, this thesis fills a gap by including a unique set of satisfaction variables, namely perceived income, work, housing as well as overall life satisfaction. Methodology: This empirical study employs longitudinal data sourced from the German Socio-Economic Panel Wave 37, encompassing a sample of 11,672 individuals spanning the years 2014, 2016, and 2018. To ascertain the influence of a comprehensive range of objective and subjective variables on SRH, ordered response models are estimated. Furthermore, model robustness is tested by estimating an alternative model specification. Results: In the German context, objective measures of SES alone do not fully capture the main drivers explaining socioeconomic health disparities. The results indicate that work and life satisfaction add significant explanatory power to SRH. Occupational prestige and level of education play a significant role in the likelihood of reporting most SRH categories. The presence of chronic diseases and the reporting of daily difficulties due to health most strongly predict SRH.

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Self-rated health, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Sociais::Economia e Gestão, Generalized ordered probit model, Socioeconomic status, Estatuto socioeconómico, Modelo Probit ordenado generalizado, Saúde auto-avaliada

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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