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Effect of the European NFRD on firm and ESG performance

Efeito da diretiva europeia sobre o desempenho das empresas e em matéria de ESG
Authors: Stein, Sina;

Effect of the European NFRD on firm and ESG performance

Abstract

A tese investiga as consequências da segunda ordem da Diretiva Europeia 2014/95, também conhecida como Diretiva de Relatórios Não Financeiros (NFRD). O mandato entrou em vigor em 2017, tendo como objetivo obrigar as grandes empresas públicas europeias a divulgar as informações não financeiras relativas ao seu desempenho ambiental, social e de governação corporativa (ESG). O estudo emprega um design de pesquisa de diferenças em diferenças (DiD) para avaliar o impacto que o mandato causou às empresas públicas afetadas na UE (grupo de tratamento) em relação a um grupo de controle de empresas não afetadas dos EUA, combinados baseados numa pontuação de propensão e no método do vizinho mais próximo. A análise, com base nos dados de 2011 a 2021, revela que a NFRD aumentou com sucesso o desempenho de sustentabilidade das empresas europeias, relativamente às empresas americanas, com ênfase na governação corporativa e nas preocupações sociais. Porém, esta melhoria foi paga por uma diminuição da rentabilidade e do desempenho da empresa em termos do ROE, ROA e Q de Tobin. Surpreendentemente, as empresas com pontuações ESG pré-mandatórias elevadas observam uma diminuição mais significativa e mais elevada nas proxies de rentabilidade de mercado ROE e Tobin's. Q, enquanto os pontuadores pré-mandato baixos observam uma diminuição maior e mais acentuada no ROA.

This thesis investigates the second-order consequences of the European Directive 2014/95, also known as the Non-Financial Reporting Directive (NFRD). The mandate came into force in 2017 and binds large European public firms to disclose non-financial information regarding their environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) performance. The study employs a difference-in-differences (DiD) research design to assess the impact the mandate had on affected public firms in the EU (treatment group) relative to a control group of unaffected US firms, matched based on a propensity score and the nearest-neighbor method. The analysis, based on data from 2011 to 2021, shows that the NFRD successfully increased sustainability performance of European firms in relation to American firms, especially in corporate governance and social concerns. However, this improvement was paid for by a decrease in profitability and firm performance in terms of ROE, ROA, and Tobin’s Q. Surprisingly, firms with high pre-mandate ESG scores see a more significant decrease in market profitability proxies ROE and Tobin’s Q while low pre mandate scorers see a higher more severe decrease in ROA.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Disclosure regulation, NFRD, Diretiva 2014/95, ESG performance, Directive 2014/95, Firm performance, União Europeia (UE), Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Sociais::Economia e Gestão, Desempenho ESG, Regulamento de divulgação, European Union (EU), Desempenho da empresa

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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