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Reintegração cromática de azulejaria de fachada com tintas da marca CIN : estudo experimental em duas fachadas no norte de Portugal

Authors: Borges, Marta Lopes Dias;

Reintegração cromática de azulejaria de fachada com tintas da marca CIN : estudo experimental em duas fachadas no norte de Portugal

Abstract

A presente dissertação foi desenvolvida no âmbito do mestrado de Conservação de Restauro de Bens Culturais, da Escola das Artes, Universidade Católica, Centro Regional do Porto. As metodologias de Conservação e Restauro de Azulejaria de Fachada têm revelado novos desafios, nomeadamente no que diz respeito à reintegração cromática e aos vernizes de proteção final, uma vez que os azulejos estão expostos a fatores de degradação que não são possíveis de controlar, tão facilmente, com planos de conservação preventiva, como acontece com a azulejaria em contexto museológico. Podemos considerar os principais fatores de degradação: o clima, a exposição solar, o vandalismo e a poluição, o que resulta em patologias diversas como a existência de sais / eflorescências, o destacamento de azulejos, a fendilhação, destacamento de vidrados e a colonização biológica. Todos estes fazem com que as tintas utilizadas não possuam resultados duradouros, existindo muitas vezes, abrasões e alterações de cor num curto espaço de tempo. Esta dissertação visa a criar uma solução viável, para o restauro de azulejaria de fachada em conjunto com a equipa técnica da empresa CIN, ou seja, encontrar uma tinta que preencha alguns requisitos necessários como a durabilidade, brilho, fácil aplicação, entre outros. Numa primeira fase, foi elaborado um estado da arte, uma contextualização do objeto de estudo, foram definidos os principais objetivos da dissertação, foi apresentada a metodologia adotada e ainda, a estrutura da mesma. Numa segunda fase, tratou-se o Património Azulejar Integrado, referindo quais as principais técnicas e centros de produção, foi elaborada uma classificação e valores associados ao património e o seu conceito, apresentando a legislação que se relaciona com o tema. Numa parte final, apresentam-se e caracterizam-se os casos de estudo, falando do seu estado de conservação e tratamentos de restauro aplicados para cada um deles. Por fim, revelam-se os ensaios de envelhecimento efetuados, tais como, ensaio de envelhecimento acelerado por meio de câmaras climáticas QUVA, ensaio de nevoeiro salino monitorizados com o colorímetro e ensaio de envelhecimento natural no sentido de testar em condições laboratoriais as tintas da marca CIN. Deste modo consideramos que a investigação não permitiu, ainda, encontrar a solução mais adequada para a reintegração cromática de azulejaria de fachada, no entanto, já se fizeram alguns progressos para no futuro ser possível prosseguir a investigação.

The present dissertation was developed in the context of the master’s degree in Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage, of the School of Arts, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Regional Center of Porto. The methodologies of Conservation and Restoration of Facade Tiles has been posing new challenges namely in what concerns the chromatic reintegration and the final protection since facade tiles are exposed to factors and degradation that aren’t so easily controlled with preventive conservation plans as those which are in a museum environment. We can consider the main factors of degradation: the climate, sun exposure, vandalism and the pollution, resulting in various pathologies such as the salts efflorescence, detachment of tiles, cracking, glaze detachment and biological colonization. Thus, the products commonly used and available in the market don’t show durability, besides being frequently the occurrence, of abrasions and color changes in a short period of time. This dissertation aims to create a viable solution, together with CIN company technical team, in order to obtain a paint that fills the proper requirements such as durability, brightness easy application, among others. The work began with the elaboration of a state of the art, as well the contextualization of the object of study and the main outlined objectives of the dissertation. Then, the adopted methodology and the dissertation structure were outlined. An approach to Tile Heritage as Integrated Heritage was also made, referring to the main techniques and production centers, besides the values inherent to the heritage, providing notion of its concept, presenting the related legislation. In a final part, we present the selected case studies, as well its characterization, conservation state and the restoration treatments applied to each one of them. The aging tests carried out as well accelerated aging test using QUVA climatic chambers, salt fog test monitored with colorimeter, and natural aging test conducted test in lab conditions the CIN company are also presented and discussed. In this way we consider that the research has not yet been able to reach the most appropriate solution for the chromatic reintegration of facade tiles, however, some progress has already been made so that in the future it will be possible to continue this research.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Ageing tests, North of Portugal, Azulejo de fachada, Facade tile, CIN, Chromatic reintegration, Norte de Portugal, Reintegração cromática, Ensaios de envelhecimento, Domínio/Área Científica::Humanidades::Artes

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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