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Bruxismo infantil : uma revisão sistemática

Authors: Espingarda, Filipa Isabel dos Santos;

Bruxismo infantil : uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Introdução: De acordo com a mais recente definição o bruxismo é considerado uma atividade repetitiva da musculatura mastigatória, podendo ocorrer no período noturno, bruxismo do sono, ou no período diurno, bruxismo de vigília. A nova proposta de definição caracteriza pelo apertar e ranger dos dentes e/ou o empurrar ou ferulizar da mandíbula, reforçando como um movimento muscular que não implica necessariamente o contato interdentário. A prevalência do bruxismo é maior na população mais jovem. Entre os 8 e os 12 anos de idade, e em alguns casos em idades mais precoces, a prevalência do bruxismo é quase de 40% da população geral. A etiologia do bruxismo do sono e da vigília é multifatorial e dessa forma torna-se difícil de identificar o distúrbio. A dificuldade em definir os fatores etiológicos, obriga a um estudo detalhado da sua fisiopatologia. Além deste aspeto, ainda Não existe um consenso em relação às terapêuticas mais eficazes. O Médico Dentista tem uma grande importância na identificação e prestação de tratamentos que conduzam à cessação do hábito. Os seus objetivos são evitar o desgaste dentário progressivo reduzir ou eliminar a dor e o aparecimento das disfunções temporomandibulares. A presente revisão sistemática tem como objetivo determinar e/ ou evidenciar a etiologia e terapêutica associada aos pacientes pediátricos com bruxismo, e por consequência espera-se poder orientar os médicos dentistas, na melhor identificação e tratamento do bruxismo em crianças. Materiais e Métodos: Efetuou-se uma revisão sistemática como base nas guidelines PRISMA, com recurso a várias bases de dados como PubMed/MEDLINE®, Embase e ProQuest, de janeiro até março de 2022. A estratégia de pesquisa foi limitada a crianças até aos 12 anos, sem limite temporal, e estudos em línguas portuguesa e inglesa. Dois investigadores realizaram a seleção dos estudos, de forma independente. A qualidade dos estudos foi avaliada através da escala NewcastleOttawa. Resultados: Através da pesquisa foram identificados 89 artigos. Depois de se eliminarem os duplicados e triplicados, foi analisado o título e o abstract, restando 32 para leitura integral, na avaliação da elegibilidade. foram incluídos. Um total de 4 estudos na análise qualitativa desta revisão sistemática. Conclusão: Atendendo aos resultados obtidos, a opção de tratamento com maior evidência é a utilização de goteiras. Foram identificadas alternativas com a fotobiomodulação e a fisioterapia. De acordo com este estudo, há ainda um número insuficiente de estudos clínicos nesta faixa etária.

Introduction: According to the most recent definition, bruxism is considered a repetitive activity of the masticatory muscles, which can occur at night, sleep bruxism, or during the day, wakefulness bruxism. The new proposed definition is characterized by clenching and grinding of the teeth and/or pushing or clenching of the jaw, reinforcing it as a muscular movement that does not necessarily imply interdental contact. The prevalence of bruxism is higher in the younger population. Between the ages of 8 and 12, and in some cases at earlier ages, the prevalence of bruxism is nearly 40% of the general population. The etiology of sleep-wake bruxism is multifactorial and thus it is difficult to identify the disorder. The difficulty in defining the etiological factors requires a detailed study of its pathophysiology. Besides this aspect, there is still no consensus regarding the most effective therapies. The dentist has a great importance in identifying and providing treatments that lead to the cessation of the habit. Their objectives are to prevent progressive dental wear and tear, reduce or eliminate pain and the onset of temporomandibular dysfunctions. This systematic review aims to determine and/or highlight the etiology and treatment associated with bruxism in children and, consequently, to guide dentists to better identify and treat bruxism in children. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was carried out based on the PRISMA guidelines, using several databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE®, Embase and ProQuest, from January to March 2022. The search strategy was limited to children up to 12 years old, with no time limit, and studies in Portuguese and English languages. Two investigators performed the selection of studies independently. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: Through the search 89 articles were identified. After duplicates and triplicates were eliminated, the title and abstract were analyzed, leaving 32 for full reading, in assessing eligibility. were included. A total of 4 studies in the qualitative analysis of this systematic review. Conclusion: Considering the results obtained, the treatment option with the most evidence is the use of occlusal splint. Alternatives were identified with photobiomodulation and physical therapy. According to this study, there are still an insufficient number of clinical studies in this age group.

Country
Portugal
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Keywords

Bruxismo, Treatment, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas::Outras Ciências Médicas, Tratamento, Fatores de risco, Risk factors, Crianças, Diagnóstico, Diagnosis, Bruxism, Children

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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