Introduction The importance of making exercise is well disclosed in the literature. One of the main reasons for his absence is the lack of time. In this context, the High Intensity Interval Training claims to achieve the same results (or better) compared with long sessions at moderate intensity, by means of short sessions (sometimes only a few minutes). Goals Bring together the most relevant and current data, in order to understand what role this exercise can have on individuals who want to be healthier and those who already have some diseases, susceptible to mitigate or even regress with physical activity. Results Some of the studies consulted advocate equivalent results (or higher) to conventional training to pathologies such as metabolic syndrome, heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Conclusions Articles on the subject are scarce, not methodologically robust and sometimes contradictory; but still showing very interesting results in different contexts.