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Contribuição para a utilização de um sistema informático de apoio à decisão clínica no diagnóstico de patologias de tecidos duros na cavidade oral : estudo piloto

Authors: Simões, Artur Filipe Coelho;

Contribuição para a utilização de um sistema informático de apoio à decisão clínica no diagnóstico de patologias de tecidos duros na cavidade oral : estudo piloto

Abstract

Introdução: Sistemas de apoio à decisão clínica (SADC) são programas de computador, desenvolvidos para dar apoio especializado a profissionais de saúde no processo de tomada de decisão clínica. Em Medicina Dentária, imagens radiográficas são um dos principais suportes auxiliares para um diagnóstico correto. O ORAD II é um SADC desenvolvido para avaliar as características clínicas e radiográficas de lesões intraósseas da cavidade oral, a fim de auxiliar no diagnóstico clínico. Objetivo: Avaliar a fiabilidade deste SADC, em pacientes submetidos a biópsia de lesões dos tecidos duros da cavidade oral. Material e Métodos: Imagens radiográficas de lesões intraósseas de 19 pacientes (correspondente a 20 lesões) de uma Clínica Universitária e de uma Clínica Privada foram analisadas por dois Professores e dois Estudantes. Os seus parâmetros foram introduzidos no programa informático ORAD II. Todas as patologias observadas tinham diagnósticos previamente obtidos por biópsia e confirmação histopatológica, não conhecidos pelos operadores. Procedeu-se à comparação dos diagnósticos obtidos através do SADC com o resultado histopatológico, em termos de taxas de sucesso (1ª, 2ª ou 3ª opção) e insucesso. Resultados: 40% das respostas do Professor 1 foram coincidentes com o resultado histopatológico. O Professor 2 obteve 25% e os Estudantes 1 e 2, 30 e 35%, respetivamente. Relativamente às taxas de insucesso, o Professor 1 obteve 40% de respostas não coincidentes, o Professor 2, 55%, o Estudante 1, 50%, e o Estudante 2, 45%. Discussão: O operador com formação na área da Medicina Oral obteve uma maior taxa de sucesso. O rigor da observação clínica do operador é um fator chave na utilização do programa. Os resultados do teste podem ser influenciados por erros na análise da história clínica ou na introdução dos parâmetros no ORAD II. A evolução de tais sistemas, deve sempre passar através da partilha de informação clínica entre profissionais Conclusão: Dentro das limitações do nosso estudo, concluímos que o programa ORAD II é útil para auxiliar no diagnóstico diferencial de patologias dos tecidos duros da cavidade oral mas deve ser usado apenas como um complemento no processo de tomada de decisão.

Introduction: Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) are computer programs, developed to provide specialist support for health professionals in making clinical decisions. In Dentistry, radiographic images are a aid mainstay for a correct diagnosis. The software ORAD II is a CDSS developed to evaluate the clinical and radiographic characteristics of intraosseous lesions of the oral cavity in order to assist in clinical diagnosis. Objetive: To evaluate the reliability of the SADC, in patients who underwent biopsy of the hard tissues of the oral cavity. Material and Methods: Radiographic images of intraosseous lesions of 19 patients (corresponding to 20 lesions) of the University Dental Clinic and private practice were analyzed by two teachers and two students, and their parameters were introduced in the computer program ORAD II. All diagnoses were observed pathologies previously obtained by biopsy and histopathologic confirmation, not known by the operators. It was compared the diagnoses obtained by SADC with the histolopathologic results, in terms of success rates (1st, 2nd or 3rd option) and failure. Results: 40% of the responses of Professor 1 were coincident with the histolopathologic results. Professor 2 obtained 25% and students 1 and 2, 30 and 35% respectively. With regard to failure rates, Professor 1 got 40% responses that don´t coincide, Professor 2, 55%, Student 1, 50%, and Student 2, 45%. Discussion: The operator with formation in Oral Medicine obtained a higher success rate. The clinical observation by the operator is a key factor in using the program. The results can be influenced by errors in the analysis of clinical history or in the introduction of the parameters in ORAD II. The evolution of such systems should always pass through the sharing of clinical information between professionals Conclusion: Within the limitations of our study, we conclude that the software ORAD II is useful to aid the differential diagnosis of diseases of hard tissues of the oral cavity but should be used only as a supplement in the process of decision making.

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Portugal
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Keywords

Computer-assisted diagnosis, Sistema informático, Intraóssea, Oral pathology, Diagnóstico diferencial, Dental radiography, Radiografia dentária, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas::Outras Ciências Médicas, Introsseous, Diagnóstico assistido por computador, Differential diagnosis, CDSS, Patologia oral, Sistema de apoio à decisão clínica, Software

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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