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Lavado broncoalveolar: análise de perfis celulares em doenças do interstício pulmonar

Bronchoalveolar lavage: analysis of cell profiles in interstital lung diseases
Authors: Catarino, Marisa da Cruz;

Lavado broncoalveolar: análise de perfis celulares em doenças do interstício pulmonar

Abstract

A lavagem broncoalveolar é uma técnica aceite como meio complementar de diagnóstico em várias patologias do pulmão. Nas últimas três décadas, vários trabalhos confirmaram que ela reflete a celularidade existente no alvéolo e no interstício. A fim de compreender melhor a composição dos diferentes perfis celulares, que podem ser encontrados no lavado broncoalveolar e tentar apurar o interesse preditivo deste teste, na evolução e prognóstico das doenças do interstício pulmonar, foram estudadas várias doenças tais como a sarcoidose, a pneumonia, a fibrose pulmonar, a tuberculose, a alveolite, as neoplasias e o lúpus eritematoso sistémico. Foi efetuada a determinação do número de células/mL, da % de linfócitos e macrófagos, da determinação da razão CD4/CD8 e da observação da morfologia celular, durante o período compreendido entre Março de 2010 e Março de 2011. A determinação dos perfis celulares e a observação da morfologia foram executados em citoesfregaços corados com a coloração de Leishman. A razão entre as subpopulações linfocitárias CD4 CD8 foi determinada por citometria de fluxo. Nos doentes com sarcoidose encontraram-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas relativamente ao número de células encontrados no lavado broncoalveolar (296,4x106/mL) e nº de leucócitos no sangue periférico (7,8x106/mL) quando comparados com os valores de referência. As patologias que recorreram ao estudo do lavado broncoalveolar, apresentaram todas um aumento do nº de células, sendo a pneumonia a que apresentou o valor mais elevado (830x106/mL). A % de linfócitos (20,4%) e a razão CD4/CD8 (6,9) encontradas no grupo com diagnóstico de sarcoidose foram superiores aos valores normais (respetivamente 9,4% e 1,7). Também a % de macrófagos encontrada (70,6%) foi inferior aos valores referidos como normais (79). A fibrose pulmonar apresentou uma razão CD4/CD8 (0,8) inferior ao normal (6,9), com p=0,002. Quando interpretado no contexto clínico e radiológico e associado a outros exames complementares de diagnóstico o lavado broncoalveolar, acompanhado da correta informação clínica e dos dados fornecidos pela citometria de fluxo e pela análise morfológica, fornece uma informação valiosa para o estabelecimento do diagnóstico das doenças do interstício pulmonar.

Bronchoalveolar lavage is a technique accepted as a complementary diagnostic in various diseases of the lung. In the last three decades, several studies confirmed that it reflects the existing cellularity in alveolar and interstitial area. In order to better understand the composition of the different cell profiles, which can be found in bronchoalveolar lavage and try to determine the predictive interest of the test, in progress and prognosis of lung tissue diseases were studied diseases such as sarcoidosis, pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis, tuberculosis, alveolitis, cancer and systemic lupus erythematosus. Was performed the determination of the number of cells /ml, % of lymphocytes and macrophages, determination of the CD4/CD8 ratio and the observation of cell morphology, during a period between March 2010 and March 2011. The determination of cell profiles and observation of the morphology were performed on cytospin smear stained with Leishman stain. The ratio between the sub-CD4 CD8 lymphocyte populations was determined by flow cytometry. In patients with sarcoidosis were found statistically significant differences regarding the number of cells found in broncoalveolar lavage (296,4 x106/mL) and leukocytes in peripheral blood (7,8 x106/mL), when compared with reference values. The pathologies studied showed an increase in the number of cells, pneumonia having the highest result (830x106/mL). The % of lymphocyte (20,4%) and the CD4/CD8 ratio (6,9) found in the group with sarcoidosis were higher than normal (respectively 9,4 and 1,7%). Also found that the % of macrophage (70,6%) was lower than the values reported as normal (79). Pulmonary fibrosis showed a lower than normal CD4/CD8 ratio (0,8) with p = 0,002. When interpreted in the clinical and radiological context and associated with other diagnostic exams, bronchoalveolar lavage, accompanied by the correct clinical information and data provided by flow cytometry and morphological analysis provides valuable information for establishing the diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases.

Tese de mestrado, Análises Clínicas, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2013

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Bronchoalveolar lavage, Cell count., Teses de mestrado - 2013, Flow cytometry, Lavagem broncoalveolar, Citometria de fluxo, Contagem de células

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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