
handle: 10366/71622
[ES] El registro inferopaleol?tico de Europa permite establecer un m?nimo de tres fases de poblamiento del subcontinente. Las evidencias seguras de actividad antr?pica m?s antigua, localizadas todas ellas en la Pen?nsula Ib?rica, son escasas y se datan entre 1,5 y 1,25 Ma BP. No existen datos que indiquen su continuidad. Las similitudes de estos conjuntos l?ticos con las colecciones documentadas circa 1,8 Ma BP en Dmanisi (Georgia) invitan a considerar la posibilidad de que todos estos yacimientos manifiesten una dispersi?n de hom?nidos con origen en ?frica oriental. La misma parece estar relacionada con las transformaciones de faunas apreciadas en el C?ucaso, Pr?ximo Oriente y Europa en torno al l?mite Plio-Pleistoceno convencional, episodio que implic? la difusi?n de especies africanas en estos ecosistemas. Una segunda fase de poblamiento del continente, restringido al ?rea mediterr?nea, est? representada por una n?mina de yacimientos algo m?s nutrida. La misma parece no prolongarse m?s all? de la transici?n Pleistoceno inferior/ Pleistoceno medio, dat?ndose entre OIS 25-OIS 24 y la transici?n OIS 19-OIS 18. Los datos paleoantropol?gicos y arqueol?gicos de estos yacimientos parecen se?alar un origen asi?tico para estas poblaciones, cuya penetraci?n en Europa coincide con el episodio de reemplazo faun?stico Galeriense, que implic? la difusi?n de taxa asi?ticos en los ecosistemas europeos. Tras un aparente hiato del registro europeo, a partir de la transici?n OIS 16-OIS 15, se cuenta con evidencia de actividad antr?pica m?s abundante. El rango geogr?fico ocupado por grupos de hom?nidos se ampli? hasta alcanzar ?reas tan septentrionales como el sur de Gran Breta?a y el norte de Alemania durante las fases isot?picas pares. En t?rminos generales, los yacimientos correspondientes a esta tercera fase manifiestan la aparici?n en Europa de nuevas tecnolog?as y pautas de comportamiento, as? como un mejor conocimiento del medio por parte de sus protagonistas. Mientras los ensayos de colonizaci?n anteriores no parecen tener ?xito, los datos paleoantropol?gicos y arqueol?gicos del registro documentado desde circa 550 Ka BP en adelante indican claramente signos de continuidad de este poblamiento, enlazando con las primeras manifestaciones de las tecnolog?as y los tipos humanos caracter?sticos del Paleol?tico medio.
[EN] European Early Palaeolithic's record of Europe shows, at least, three human occupation episodes. The oldest one is only recorded in the Iberian Peninsula. The sites are scarce and dated between 1,5 and 1,25 Ma BP. The lithic assemblages are very similar to those recorded in Dmanisi (Georgia) circa 1,8 Ma BP and may represent the same hominid dispersal event. This is related to the faunal changes detected in Caucasus, Middle East and European ecosystems by the Plio-Pleistocene conventional limit. This event involved the diffusion of African taxa in those regions. A second human occupation of Europe episode, restricted into the Mediterranean area, it is recorded by a slightly more abundant number of archaeological sites. They are dated between late Early Pleistocene and Matuyama/Brunhes limit, berween OIS 25-OIS 24 and OIS 19-OIS 18 transition. Paleoantropological and archaeological record points to an Asian origin of this hominid dispersal, related with the Galerian faunal event. After a new archaeological record hiatus, there are new evidences of anthropic activity in Europe since OIS 16-OIS 15. At this time the European geographic range populated by hominids increases, reaching as northern latitudes as South Great Britain and North Germany during the warm isotopic stages. In general terms, locations representing this third phase involved the introduction in Europe of new technologies and behavioural trends, as a better knowledge of the environment. While the previous human occupation events don't seem to be successful, paleoanthropological and archaeological data recorded from circa 550 Ka BP points to demographic continuity, linking with the earliest manifestations of the technologies and human populations characteristic of the European Middle Paleolithic.
Arqueolog?a, Archaeology, Prehistory, Prehistoria, CC1-960, Arqueología
Arqueolog?a, Archaeology, Prehistory, Prehistoria, CC1-960, Arqueología
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