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Bachelor thesis . 2024
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Bachelor thesis . 2024
License: CC BY NC ND
GREDOS
Bachelor thesis . 2024
License: CC BY NC ND
Data sources: GREDOS
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Terapia g?nica en enfermedades neurodegenerativas

Gene therapy in neurodegenerative disease
Authors: García González, Nerea;

Terapia g?nica en enfermedades neurodegenerativas

Abstract

[ES]Analizamos el uso de las terapias g?nicas como medio para desarrollar nuevos tratamientos en las enfermedades neurodegenerativas, evaluando los niveles de intervenci?n del tratamiento g?nico, las v?as de administraci?n y sus limitaciones en diferentes enfermedades neurodegenerativas. Comprobamos si las terapias g?nicas en enfermedades neurodegenerativas son efectivas, tanto en las enfermedades monog?nicas como en las polig?nicas, individualizando las t?cnicas utilizadas seg?n la patogenia de la enfermedad. Siguiendo las directrices del procedimiento PRISMA, procedemos a la revisi?n de los trabajos publicados desde 2020, utilizando la estrategia PICoR para obtener conclusiones fiables. Se analizaron los resultados obtenidos con las diferentes terapias aplicadas a diferentes enfermedades neurol?gicas como Parkinson (n=12), Atrofia Muscular Espinal (n=8), enfermedad de Huntington (n=3), Alzheimer (n=3) y Esclerosis Lateral Amiotr?fica (n=6), describiendo en cada una el tipo de terapia, su intenci?n curativa o modificadora, los procedimientos de administraci?n, las ventajas y desventajas y los efectos secundarios. Comprobamos que, efectivamente, las terapias g?nicas basadas en la introducci?n, eliminaci?n o modificaci?n de la expresi?n de un gen parecen ser efectivas en las enfermedades neurodegenerativas, especialmente en aqu?llas de etiolog?a monog?nica, ofreciendo esperanzas de logros cl?nicos en los pr?ximos a?os. En el resto de las enfermedades neurodegenerativas de base polig?nica, o en aquellas monog?nicas en las que la diana no es sensible, los tratamientos est?n enfocados a actuar sobre la supervivencia celular. Adem?s, se comprob? que las terapias que administran vectores por v?a intracerebral presentan una mayor eficacia, aunque su elevada invasividad favorece el desarrollo de otras t?cnicas de administraci?n, siendo la intravenosa y la intratecal las m?s empleadas. A pesar de las dificultades que expresan los trabajos realizados, se muestra un futuro prometedor para las terapias g?nicas y la necesidad de m?s investigaci?n en este ?mbito para lograr tratamientos espec?ficos y m?s efectivos para cada una de las enfermedades neurodegenerativas analizadas.

[EN]The present study examines the use of gene therapies as a means to develop novel treatments for neurodegenerative diseases, assessing the levels of intervention of gene therapy, the routes of administration, and their limitations in different neurodegenerative diseases. The initial hypothesis posits the utility of gene therapies in treating neurodegenerative diseases, being more effective in monogenic ones, tailoring the techniques used according to the disease?s pathogenesis. Following the PRISMA procedure guidelines, studies from 2020 were reviewed, using the PICoR strategy to obtain reliable conclusions. The results obtained with the different therapies applied to Parkinson?s disease (n=12), Spinal Muscular Atrophy (n=8), Huntington?s disease (n=3), Alzheimer?s disease (n=3), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (n=6) were analysed, describing the type of therapy, its curative or modifying intention, administration procedures, advantages and disadvantages, and side effects for each. It was found thar indeed, gene therapies involving gene introduction or elimination appear to be effective in various neurodegenerative diseases, especially those of monogenic ethology, offering prospects for clinical achievements in the coming years. In polygenic-bases diseases, efforts are directed towards cell survival. In polygenic diseases, the translation of therapies performed in animal models to humans in challenging. Additionally, the greater efficacy of therapies administered intracerebrally was confirmed, although they are highly invasive. Despite the challenges expressed in the studies conducted, a promising future for gene therapies is demonstrated, emphasizing the need of further research in this field to achieve specific treatments for each of the analysed neurodegenerative diseases.

Trabajo de fin de grado. Grado en Medicina. Curso acad?mico 2023-2024

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Parkinson?s disease, Enfermedad neurodegenerativa, Esclerosis Lateral Amiotr?fica, Alzheimer´s disease, Huntington´s disease, enfermedad de Alzheimer, Neurodegenerative disease, Muscular Atrophy, Spinal, Gene therapy, Alzheimer Disease, Enfermedad de Alzheimer, esclerosis lateral amiotr?fica, Esclerosis Lateral Amiotrófica, atrofia muscular espinal, Alzheimer?s disease, Huntington?s disease, enfermedad de Parkinson, enfermedad de Huntington, enfermedades neurodegenerativas, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Parkinson Disease, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Parkinson´s disease, Atrofia Muscular Espinal, Enfermedad de Huntington, Huntington Disease, esclerosis lateral amiotrófica, Enfermedad de Parkinson, Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Terapia g?nica, Terapia génica

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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