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Article . 2015
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Fractura traum?tica de hioides

Hyoid bone traumatic fracture
Authors: Santos Gorjón, Pablo; Mingo Sánchez, Eva María; Sánchez Terradillos, Elena; Sánchez-Jara Sánchez, Juan Luis; Martín Hernández, Gonzalo;

Fractura traum?tica de hioides

Abstract

[ES] Introducci?n y objetivos: La fractura de hiodes es una entidad rara. El tratamiento suele ser conservador salvo que asocie complicaciones. El objetivo de este poster es poner de manifiesto que los traumatismos cervicales son entidades que, por sus potenciales consecuencias, han de ser cuidadosamente valorados por el ORL si presentan disfon?a, disfagia o disnea. Material y m?todo: Presentamos el caso de una paciente que tras sufrir una ca?da con la bicicleta fue remitido a nuestro centro para valoraci?n por intenso dolor medio cervical y disfon?a leve. A la exploraci?n se descarta un enfisema subcut?neo y se evidencia una leve disfon?a anti?lgica sin falsas v?as y sin disnea. La fibroscopia descart? obstrucci?n de las v?as altas por edema. Se realiza radiograf?a simple y se evidencia una l?nea de fractura a nivel medio del hioides. Resultados: El TC descarta enfisema subcut?neo, neumomediastino o enfisema mediast?nico y confirma la existencia de una fractura de hioides. Se mantuvo actitud expectante y tratamiento corticoideo sin evidenciarse complicaciones. Discusi?n: Est? descrita la fractura de hiodes en traumatismos de alta energ?a como accidentes de tr?fico, ahorcamientos, y heridas por arma blanca. Tambi?n se describen en hiperextensi?n cervical violenta, degluciones bruscas del bolo alimentico o incluso v?mitos incoercibles, maniobras intempestivas de intubaci?n orotraqueal o reanimaci?n cardiopulmonar. La radiograf?a simple mostrar? una elevaci?n del hiodes como signo de disrupci?n cricotraqueal. La porci?n afectada m?s frecuentemente es el cuerpo del hiodes. Se han descrito laceraciones far?ngeas o incluso avulsi?n epigl?tica, o luxaci?n aritenoidea que hay que descartar con una fibroscopia. La disfagia puede ser motivada por una afectaci?n del glosofar?ngeo y la disnea si se produce hematoma retrofar?ngeo o laringoceles. El diagn?stico precoz (radiolog?a simple, TC y endoscopia) nos da idea de su magnitud. Si existen signos de alarma precisan reparaci?n inmediata (cervicotom?a suprasternal, traqueotom?a en las obstrucciones altas de la v?a a?rea, toracotom?a urgente en casos de rotura traqueobronquial), condicionar? el pron?stico inmediato. Conclusi?n: La mayor?a evolucionan bien con actitud expectante como en nuestro caso pero puede ser necesaria una traqueostom?a. El pron?stico lo determina la coexistencia de lesiones del SNC y pulmones y las aspiraciones, la presencia de par?lisis recurrenciales y la rotura de v?a a?rea.

[EN]Introduction and objectives: Hyoid bone fracture is a rare entity. A conservative treatment is usually the correct one, and only if there are complications we must operate on the patient. The objective is to show that cervical traumatism is an entity that must be analyzed by head and neck surgeon if dysphonia, dysphagia or dyspnea. Material and methods: We introduce a female patient who suffered a cycle drop. She explained that just before the drop, she had an intense cervical pain and dysphonia. We confirmed that there was not any subcutaneous emphysema and that she didn?t had dyspnea or any other complication. Nasofibroscopy confirmed integrity of upper airways. A radiography was made and it confirmed the fracture bone tract on hyoid bone. Results: CT excluded subcutaneous or mediastinum emphysema and confirmed the hyoid bone fracture. Corticoid treatment was started and no complications were observed. Discussion: In high energy trauma like traffic, cold steel injury, or violent cervical hyperextension, sudden deglution movements or vomiting or cardiac pulmonary recovery, a fracture of the hyoid bone may happen. In radiological exam an elevation of hyoid bone is showed as a disruption of cricotracheal membrane. Usually, hyoid bone body is affected and may associate pharyngeal lacerations, epiglotic avulsion or arytenoid luxation. Dysphagia should lead to glossopharyngeal or retropharyngeal hematoma. Early diagnosis may be an alarm symptom of the need of a chirurgical approach (suprasternal cervicotomy or tracheostomy, thoracotomy?). Conclusion: Frequently, waiting is the best attitude. Prognosis is marked by central nervous and pulmonary damage, acute recurrence palsy and airway rupture.

Country
Spain
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Keywords

Airway, Hioides, 3213.05 Cirug?a de garganta, nariz y o?dos, 3213.05 Cirugía de garganta, nariz y oídos, Otorrinolaringolog?a, Hyoid, Via a?rea, Via aérea, Otorrinolaringología

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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