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Repositório da UTAD
Master thesis . 2011
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Perfil cognitivo de crianças com dificuldades de aprendizagem

Authors: Gomes, Sónia Maria Lameirão;

Perfil cognitivo de crianças com dificuldades de aprendizagem

Abstract

O actual estudo teve como principal objectivo caracterizar o perfil cognitivo das crianças com dificuldades de aprendizagem e compará-lo em função do tipo de dificuldade de aprendizagem e do nível socioeconómico. A nossa amostra é constituída por 69 crianças com dificuldades de aprendizagem, 25 do género feminino e 44 do género masculino, com idades compreendidas entre os 6 e os 14 anos (8,78±1,86), que frequentam o 1º e 2º ciclo. De acordo com o tipo de dificuldade de aprendizagem foram divididas em cinco grupos: Dislexia (n=22), Disortografia (n=24); Discalculia (n=5), Disgrafia (n=3) e Dificuldade de Aprendizagem Geral (n=15). Para avaliar o perfil cognitivo foi aplicada a Escala de Inteligência para Crianças – 3ª edição (Wisc-III). Na comparação de grupos foi utilizado o qui-quadrado para variáveis nominais e a anova com teste post-hoc de Scheffe para variáveis contínuas. Os resultados deste estudo demonstram que para a amostra total verifica-se um Q.I. total de 87,36 e um Q.I. verbal maior que o Q.I. de realização (93,03 vs. 86,86). Relativamente aos índices factoriais, o índice de compreensão verbal é o mais elevado e o de velocidade de processamento o que possui um pior resultado. Apenas 10 crianças (14,5%) podem ser incluídas no perfil desenvolvido por Bannatyne. Não se verificam diferenças significativas no tipo de dificuldade de aprendizagem em função do género (p=0,106) e do nível socioeconómico (p=0,375). No que diz respeito ao perfil da Wisc-III, as crianças com Dificuldades de Aprendizagem Geral apresentam valores inferiores comparativamente às com Dislexia e Disortografia em todas as variáveis, não sendo esta diferença significativa para o subteste de memória de dígitos (p=0,053). O estatuto socioeconómico não diferencia o perfil da Wisc-III. Este estudo permitiu conhecer melhor a problemática das dificuldades de aprendizagem e as limitações cognitivas que lhe estão associadas.

The current study`s main objective was to characterize the cognitive profile of children with learning disabilities and compare it to the type of learning disability and socio-economic level. Our sample comprised 69 children with learning disabilities, 25 females and 44 males, aged 6 to 14 years (8,78±1,86), attending the 1st and 2nd cycles. According to the type of learning disability were divided into five groups: Dyslexia (n = 22); Dysorthography (n = 24); Dyscalculia (n = 5); Dysgraphia (n = 3) and General Learning Disability (n = 15). To assess the cognitive profile was applied to Intelligence Scare for children – 3rd edition (WISC-III). In the comparison group, by Chi-Square Test for nominal variables and ANOVA with post-hoc Scheffe for continuous variables. The results of this study demonstrate that for the total sample there is a total of IQ of 87,36 and with a verbal IQ greater than accomplishment IQ (93,03 vs 86,86). For index factor, the verbal comprehension index is the highest and processing speed which has a worse outcome. Only 10 children (14.5%) may be included in the profile developed by Bannatyne. There were no significant differences in the type of learning disability by gender (p=0,106) and socio-economic level (p=0,375). Regarding the profile of the Wisc-III, children with General Learning Disabilities are lower compared to those with Dyslexia and Dysorthography in all variables, these differences were not significant for the digit memory test (p = 0.053). The socio-economic status does not differentiate the profile of the Wisc-III. This study provided the problematic of learning disabilities and cognitive limitations that are associated.

Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica

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Portugal
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green