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Otimização de técnicas de produção de alimento vivo: rotíferos

Authors: Botelho, Sofia Coelho;

Otimização de técnicas de produção de alimento vivo: rotíferos

Abstract

Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Zootécnica Os rotíferos são largamente utilizados em aquacultura como o primeiro alimento para os estágios larvares de peixes e crustáceos, em especial devido ao seu tamanho reduzido (130-320 μm), à baixa mobilidade, ao valor energético e à possibilidade de manipular artificialmente o seu valor nutricional. Estes invertebrados alimentam-se por filtração de vários organismos e partículas, tais como microalgas, protozoários, bactérias, matéria orgânica morta e dietas comerciais. Para a sua utilização em aquacultura, a sua principal fonte de alimento são as microalgas. Estas podem ser fornecidas em fresco, concentradas, liofilizadas ou congeladas. Uma outra forma de os alimentar consiste no fornecimento de alimentos comerciais, tais como o Easy DHA Selco®, em cuja composição estão presentes nutrientes essenciais para o crescimento de larvas de peixe marinhos. Este ensaio teve como objetivo verificar em que condições de temperatura (20 e 25°C), salinidade (16 e 32 ppm) e alimento (microalgas Nannochloropsis e Isochrysis e o alimento comercial Easy DHA Selco®) a cultura de rotíferos (Brachionus plicatilis) se desenvolveria de forma mais favorável. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos com a microalga Nannochloropsis (P<0,0001), à temperatura de 25°C (P<0,0001) e com uma salinidade de 16 ppm (P<0,0001). Em termos de interações, ambas as microalgas apresentam melhores crescimentos a uma temperatura 25°C, ao contrário do alimento artificial, que apresentou os melhores resultados de desenvolvimento da cultura a 20°C (P<0,0001). Relativamente ao efeito da salinidade, os melhores resultados foram obtidos a 16 ppm, com ambas as microalgas, enquanto que os piores resultados foram obtidos com o alimento artificial, a qualquer uma das salinidades (P<0,0001). Entre os parâmetros temperatura e salinidade foi também verificada uma interação significativa, na qual o crescimento da população à temperatura de 25°C foi superior à temperatura de 20°C, independentemente da salinidade do meio (P<0,01). Neste ensaio foi possível verificar que o melhor crescimento da cultura de rotíferos foi conseguido com o fornecimento de Nannochloropsis, a uma temperatura de 25°C e salinidade de 16 ppm, sendo que os piores resultados foram observados com a utilização de Easy DHA Selco®, a 25°C e salinidade 16 ppm (P<0,0001). Rotifers are widely used in aquaculture as the first feed for fish and crustacean larval stages, especially due to their small size (130-320 μm), low mobility, energetic value and the possibility of artificial manipulation of their dietary value. These invertebrates feed by filtration of several organisms and particles, such as microalgae, protozoa, bacteria, dead organic matter and artificial diets. For its use in aquaculture, their main food source is usually microalgae. These can be supplied fresh, concentrated, dried and dried-frozen. Another way of feeding rotifers consists on the supply of artificial diets, such as Easy DHA Selco®, which contains several essential nutrients for the right development of the marine fish larvae. Experiments were conducted in order to evaluate in which conditions of temperature (20 and 25ºC), salinity (16 and 32 ppm) and food (microalgae Nannochloropsis and Isochrysis, and artificial diet Easy DHA Selco®) the culture of rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis) would develop in the most favorable way. The best results were obtained with the microalgae Nannochloropsis (P<0.0001), the temperature of 25ºC (P<0.0001) and with the salinity of 16 ppm (P<0.0001). Regarding the interactions, both microalgae present better growths at 25ºC, contrary to the artificial diet, which presented better results at 20ºC (P<0.0001). Concerning the effect of the salinity, the best results were obtained at 16 ppm for both microalgae, whereas the worst results were seen with the artificial feed, regardless of the salinity (P<0.0001). Between the temperature and the salinity was observed a highly significant interaction also, in which the population growth at 25 ºC was superior to the growth at 20ºC, regardless the salinity of the solution (P<0.01). The results show that the best development of this culture was obtained with the supply of Nannochloropsis at the temperature of 25ºC and 16 ppm of salinity, being that the worst development of this culture was due to the use of Easy DHA Selco® at 25ºC and 16 ppm (P<0.0001).

Country
Portugal
Keywords

595.18(043), Alimento para animais, Crescimento, Condições de cultura, Produção, Brachionus plicatilis, 636.99.02(043), 57.087(043), Temperatura da água, Rotífera, Salinidade

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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Green