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Deslocamento do Abomaso em Bovinos Leiteiros

Authors: Roriz, Fernando Jorge Coutinho;

Deslocamento do Abomaso em Bovinos Leiteiros

Abstract

O deslocamento do abomaso é uma das patologias mais frequentes em clínica de espécies pecuárias e a patologia que mais usualmente requer cirurgia abdominal em vacas leiteiras, podendo afectar bovinos de qualquer idade e sexo. Este pode começar como uma simples Dilatação Abomasal e dar-se depois à esquerda, à direita, ou mesmo no sentido anterior. Entre estes, o mais frequente é o deslocamento à esquerda. Apesar de se tratar de uma doença descoberta no século XIX, o facto de ter uma etiologia multifactorial faz com que seja uma afecção difícil de controlar. É uma patologia do periparto e surge directamente associada ao maneio nutricional, principalmente àquele praticado no período de transição. Os contributos considerados essenciais para o Deslocamento Abomasal (DA) são a atonia e a acumulação de gás abomasal, que consequentemente levam à distensão do órgão. São vários os factores de risco que favorecem a ocorrência do DA, dividindo-se estes em factores de risco de nível alimentar, climatérico e do animal. Todos estes têm vários parâmetros. Os sinais clínicos são comuns a diversas afecções, sendo importante a acentuada diminuição na produção de leite. O diagnóstico é baseado na auscultação associada à percussão, sendo audível uma ressonância metalotimpânica denominada “Ping de Deslocamento” e ainda na auscultação associada à sucussão, o que permite ouvir fluidos e sons de “chapinhar”, entre outros parâmetros diagnósticos mais exaustivos. A correcção do deslocamento mais segura e que mais recidivas evita é a cirúrgica, para a qual estão descritas diversas técnicas. As perdas produtivas e os encargos associados ao acompanhamento médico-veterinário fazem com que esta patologia tenha elevada importância económica. A prevenção está dependente do controlo dos vários factores de risco, procurando proporcionar uma boa adaptação do sistema digestivo e evitar o desequilíbrio de nutrientes, a imunossupressão durante o periparto e a diminuição da ingestão de matéria seca.

Abomasal displacement is one of the most frequent pathologies in large animal medicine and the one that most frequently requires surgery in dairy cows. It might affect cows in any age or sex. It might begin like a simple Abomasal Bloat and then develop to the left, right, or anterior way. Among these, left abomasal displacement is the most frequent one. Although it is a pathology already described in the XIX century, the fact that it has a multifactorial etiology makes it difficult to control. It is a peripartum pathology and it appears directly associated to nutritional management, mainly the one practiced during the transitional period. The essential contributes for the abomasal displacement are the atony of the organ, and the accumulation of abomasal gas, factors that lead to the organ’s distension. There are several risk factors, that might be alimentary, climatic and of the animal itself. All of these have several parameters. Clinical signs are common to several affections, and the most important one is the reduction of milk production. Diagnosis is based on the auscultation associated to percussion, where a metallic-tympanic resonant sound can be heard called the Abomasal Ping, and on the auscultation associated to succussion or ballottement, that might enable the hearing of a splashing or wave sound. among other more exhaustive diagnostic parameters. The correction of Abomasal Displacement that prevents the most recurrences is surgery, for which multiple techniques are described. Production loss and Veterinary Surgeon expenses make this pathology of a high economical relevance. Prevention is dependent on the control of the risk factors, trying to proportionate a good digestive system adaptation and avoiding nutrient unbalance, periparturient imunossupression, and the reduction of dry matter ingestion.

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Ping de deslocamento, Risc Factors, Factores de risco, Cirurgia, Deslocamento do abomaso, Abomasal Ping, Periparturient, Atony, Surgery, Atonia, Multifactorial, Abomasal Displacement, Periparto

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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