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Immunocastred Pigs: from fattening to slaughter

Authors: Carvalho, Joana Maria Rodrigues;

Immunocastred Pigs: from fattening to slaughter

Abstract

A “boar taint” é definida pelo desagradável odor e sabor da carne ou de produtos cárnicos derivados de porcos machos não castrados, que se tornam evidentes após serem cozinhados. Para a resolução deste problema, a imunocastração surge como alternativa aos métodos tradicionais de castração, os quais apresentam algumas desvantagens nomeadamente em termos de bem-estar animal. Por outro lado, apesar da imunocastração ter como principal fundamento a eliminação da “boar taint”, simultaneamente, contribui para a redução dos comportamentos indesejados dos porcos machos e pode melhorar a qualidade da carne do ponto de vista tecnológico. Assim, o objetivo da presente investigação foi estudar comparativamente porcos machos inteiros (n = 24) e porcos machos imunocastrados (n= 24), para avaliar a eficácia da vacina da imunocastração (Improvac®) relativamente ao efeito no comportamento do porco e nos parâmetros produtivos. O estudo foi realizado nas instalações do IRTA, desde as 8 semanas de vida do animal até ao momento de abate. Dos 48 porcos machos, 24 receberam duas vacinações de Improvac®, às 10 e 19 semanas de idade, e aos restantes foi administrado soro fisiológico, que atuaram como grupo de controlo. Através da análise dos dados verificou-se que os machos inteiros e os machos imunocastrados mantém um comportamento produtivo, semelhante até à segunda dose. Após a segunda administração ocorre a imunização total, que desencadeia um aumento significativo do consumo de alimento, deposição de gordura e menor eficiência, comparativamente aos machos inteiros. Relativamente ao comportamento agressivo e sexual, observou-se em machos inteiros um aumento para 6.81%, enquanto os machos imunocastrados reduziram para 2.08% após a segunda administração. O presente estudo mostra que a administração da vacina de imunocastração é eficaz na redução de comportamentos agressivos e sexuais e altera o desempenho e as características da qualidade da carne, comparado com machos inteiros.

Boar taint is defined through the unpleasant smell and taste of the meat or meat products of male noncastrated pigs, that becomes evident after being cooked. In order to solve this problem, immunocastration appears as an alternative to the traditional methods of castration, which present some disadvantages, namely concerning animal welfare. Despite the fact that immunocastration has as its main foundation the elimination of boar taint, simultaneously, contributes to the reduction of unwanted behaviours of the male pigs and can improve the meat quality from the technological point of view. Accordingly, the objective of the present study is to comparatively study the entire male pigs (n=24) and the immunocastrated male pigs (n=24) to evaluate the immunocastration vaccine’s (Improvac®) effect on pig behaviour and productive parameters. The study was conducted in the IRTA’s facilities from 8 weeks of age until the slaughter moment. Out of 48 male pigs, 24 were administered with two Improvac® vaccinations, in their 10 and 19 weeks of age, and the remaining have received saline to act as control group. Through data analysis it was verified that entire males and immunocastrated males keep similar productive behaviour until the second dose. After that second administration it occurs the total immunization, that triggers a significant increase in food consumption, fat deposition and smaller efficiency, compared to entire males. Regarding the aggressive and sexual behaviour, an increase to 6,87% was observed in entire males, while immunocastrated males decreased to 2.08% after the second administration. The present study demonstrates that the administration of the immunocastration vaccine is effective in reducing aggressive and sexual behaviours and change performance and meat quality traits in immunocastrates compared to entire males.

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Boar taint, Meat Quality, Swine, Immunocastration, Behaviour, Improvac®, Ciências Agrárias - Ciências Veterinárias

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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Average
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