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Abordagem ao prurido em animais de companhia

Authors: Pinheiro, Andreia Sofia dos Santos;

Abordagem ao prurido em animais de companhia

Abstract

O prurido demonstra ser o sinal clínico que mais leva à procura da consulta de especialidade dermatológica, principalmente por afetar a qualidade de vida tanto dos animais como dos seus tutores. Este forte impacto leva a uma grande tendência para tratar imediatamente o paciente com medicação antipruriginosa. Contudo, as doenças de pele pruríticas têm uma grande variedade de causas e, como a pele tem uma gama limitada de respostas neuroimunes à entrada de agentes nocivos, dermatopatias diferentes podem ter aparências clínicas semelhantes. O prurido deve então ser visto como um sinal clínico e não como um diagnóstico, pelo que a prioridade do médico veterinário deve ser tratar a sua causa. A abordagem ao prurido permite identificar a sua origem e, deste modo, eliminá-lo de forma eficaz. Por outro lado, cada animal pruriginoso tem um limiar a partir do qual o prurido é evidente e, na maioria dos casos, vários fatores contribuem para esse nível. A abordagem estudada nesta dissertação permite descobrir e eliminar os principais componentes da doença de cada paciente, o que leva à descida do nível de prurido abaixo do limiar possibilitando a sua remissão e controlo a longo prazo. A partir do estudo de cinco casos clínicos observados durante o meu estágio curricular no Hospital Veterinário do Bom Jesus, foi possível discutir que abordar o prurido numa ordem sistemática (desparasitação, identificação citológica, tratamento das infeções e investigação de doenças alérgicas com ensaio alimentar) permite uma remissão bemsucedida do sinal clínico.

Pruritus is the most common clinical sign in veterinary dermatology consultations, mostly because of how it negatively affects the quality of life of both animals and their owners. This leads to a tendency to immediately treat the patient with anti-pruritic medication. However, pruritic skin diseases have a wide variety of causes, and because the skin has a limited range of neuroimmune responses to insults, different dermatopathies have similar clinical appearances. Pruritus should therefore be seen as a clinical sign rather than a diagnosis, and the veterinarian's priority must be treating its cause. Addressing pruritus makes it possible to identify its origin and achieve remission effectively. On the other hand, each individual patient has a threshold at which clinical signs of pruritus are evident, and there are several factors that may contribute to this level of pruritus. The approach to pruritus studied in this dissertation makes it possible to discover and manage the main components of each patient's disease, which leads to a decrease in pruritus below the threshold and enables its remission with long-term control. Through the study of five clinical cases observed during my internship in the Veterinary Hospital of Bom Jesus it was possible to discuss that addressing pruritus in a systematic order – flea control, cytological identification, treatment of infections and investigation of allergic diseases using a food trial – provides a successful remission of the clinical sign.

Country
Portugal
Keywords

abordagem diagnóstica, ensaio alimentar, desparasitação, Ciências Agrárias - Ciências Veterinárias, infeção secundária, Prurido, dermatite alérgica

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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