Cyberbullying is a form of aggression perpetrated with the intent to hurt someone repetitively through electronic means. Adolescent population has been the main focus of research on cyberbullying with the identification of risk factors for its perpetration. This review aims to analyze risk factors related to cyberbullying perpetration in adolescents. An online databases search (EBSCOhost, PubMed, and Web of Science) identified 1285 references where 840 studies were retrieved from abstract and title, 162 were retained for further analysis, and 77 final studies were considered eligible for inclusion. In addition, four studies were added through manual search, with the final sample of 81 articles, published between 2004 and 2021. Sociodemographic data, methodological aspects, and main conclusions were extracted from each study. Overall, it was found that sociodemographic characteristics (i.e., sex), personal characteristics (i.e., self-control), interpersonal relationships (i.e., relationship with family), school-related factors and academic performance (i.e., negative school climate), internet and ICTs use (i.e., time spent online), and aggressive behavior (i.e., bullying perpetration) were risk factors for cyberbullying perpetration. This systematic review also revealed that even though a lot of research has been conducted on this topic, it has been focused mostly on victims, hence the need for studies in this area to understand crucial characteristics involving offenders to be able to develop effective intervention programs.