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Programación de riego salino en geraneo utilizando sensores de conductividad eléctrica y humedad del suelo

Authors: Alcaraz Albaladejo, María Soledad;

Programación de riego salino en geraneo utilizando sensores de conductividad eléctrica y humedad del suelo

Abstract

[SPA]La escasez de agua y la necesidad de mejorar la gestión medioambiental nos empujan al uso de agua residual depurada en la agricultura, y la producción de plantas ornamentales es una actividad buena receptora de estas aguas. La elevada salinidad de algunas de estas aguas, especialmente las que proceden de zonas costeras, obliga a optimizar el manejo del riego salino para reducir daños, y el uso de sensores de humedad y conductividad eléctrica (CE) del suelo puede jugar un papel importante en esta optimización. En este trabajo se pretende valorar si fijando distintos niveles de CE del agua de los poros (CEAP) en sensores GS3-Decagon bajo un sistema de riego automático y programable, podemos crear distintas condiciones salinas en el sustrato de macetas con geranio bajo riego dual (agua residual depurada de 5,5 dSm-1 y agua de 1,6 dSm-1). Se estudiaron cinco tratamientos: control (regado con agua no salina) y cuatro tratamientos salinos (regados con agua salina) programados para dar un riego no salino cada vez que se superaba un umbral de CEAP de 5 (T5), 5,5 (T5,5), 6 (T6) y 6,5 (T6,5) dS m-1. Se valoraron las condiciones salinas que soportaron las plantas en términos de crecimiento, desarrollo, consumo de agua, drenaje e intercambio gaseoso. Al final del experimento las plantas bajo T5 presentaron un aspecto ornamental bueno y redujeron un 50% el consumo de agua respecto al control. Las plantas bajo los otros tres tratamientos salinos fueron excesivamente enanas y presentaron un patrón de crecimiento y desarrollo pobre. El sensor GS3 mantuvo bien diferentes niveles de salinización en el sustrato hasta una CEAP de 5,5 dS m-1. Sugerimos que el promedio de CEAP durante el periodo de cultivo no es un valor muy preciso de las condiciones salinas acontecidas en el sustrato, porque la variabilidad de la CEAP a lo largo periodo de cultivo ejerce una importante influencia.[ENG]Both the water scarcity and need to improve environmental management lead to the use of treated wastewater in agriculture, and the production of ornamental plants is a good receptor activity of this water. Reclaimed wastewater may have high salt content, especially when it is produced in the municipal wastewater treatment plants located near the Mediterranean coast. Under salinity, we have to optimize irrigation management to reduce salinity damage in plant, and the use of soil sensors can play an important role in this optimization. The availability of soil moisture sensors that are also capable of measuring soil bulk EC has opened up new possibilities for the automatic control of the salinity. This paper aims to assess whether by fixing different levels of pore water EC in GS3-Decagon sensors connects with an automatic and programmable irrigation system, we can make different saline conditions in the substrate solution of potted geranium under dual irrigation (treated wastewater of 5.5 dS m-1 and good water of 1.6 dS m-1). Five treatments were studied: control (irrigated with good water) and four saline treatments (irrigated with saline water) programmed to give a non-saline irrigation whenever the pore water EC exceeded a threshold of 5 (T5), 5.5 (T5,5), 6 (T6) and 6.5 (T6,5) dS m- 1. We assessed the saline conditions in substrate solution in terms of growth, development, water consumption, leaching fraction and gas exchange. At the end of the experiment, the plants under T5 had a good ornamental appearance; this treatment reduced by 50% water consumption compared with the control. The plants under the other three saline treatments were too small with a poor growth and development. The GS3 sensor caused different levels of salinity in the substrate when the pore water EC was ≤ 5.5 dS m- 1. We suggest that the average pore water EC during the experiment was not a very accurate indicator of the saline conditions in the substrate, because the variability of this EC along the culture period had an important influence.

Escuela Técnica superior de Ingeniería Agronómica

Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Floriculture, Floricultura, Producción Vegetal, Geranio zonal, Aguas residuales depuradas, Salinidad, Plantas en maceta, Pelargonium

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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