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Revista de Salud Ambiental
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Respiramos plástico: detección de microplásticos en el sistema respiratorio humano

Respiramos plástico: deteçao de microplásticos no sistema respiratório humano
Authors: Bayo Bernal, Francisco Javier; Baeza Martínez, Carlos; González Pleiter, Miguel; García Pachón, Eduardo; Doval Miñarro, Marta; López Castellanos García, Joaquín; Guillén Miralles , María Asunción; +1 Authors

Respiramos plástico: detección de microplásticos en el sistema respiratorio humano

Abstract

[SPA] Se han detectado microplásticos en todos los compartimentos ambientales, incluida la atmósfera, aunque, de momento, pocos estudios los han investigado en el tracto respiratorio humano. En este artículo recogemos los resultados del análisis de microfibras plásticas en la vía aérea inferior de 44 pacientes adultos con distintas patologías respiratorias, empleando para ello el fluido obtenido del lavado broncoalveolar como método mínimamente invasivo. Se ha estudiado la relación entre hábitos de vida y parámetros fisiológicos y médicos de los pacientes y sus concentraciones en microfibras plásticas aisladas del tracto respiratorio Los resultados mostraron una concentración media de microfibras plásticas de 9,18 ± 2,45 MF/100 ml BAL, con un tamaño medio de 1,73 ± 0,15 mm y una dimensión máxima de 9,96 mm, correspondiente a una fibra poliacrílica. Aparecieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas con el sexo, la edad, el hábito tabáquico, el tipo de ocupación y el diagnóstico por rayos X del paciente, entre otras. Se hacen necesarios más estudios para dilucidar los efectos negativos que estos microcontaminantes pueden tener sobre el sistema respiratorio humano y sus enfermedades asociadas.

[POR] Têm sido detetados microplásticos em todas as matrizes ambientais, incluindo a atmosfera, embora, até o momento, poucos estudos os tenham investigado no trato respiratório humano. Neste artigo, apresentamos os resultados da análise de microfibras plásticas na via aérea inferior de 44 pacientes adultos com diferentes patologias respiratórias, utilizando o fluido obtido da lavagem broncoalveolar como método minimamente invasivo. Estudou-se a relação entre hábitos de vida, parâmetros fisiológicos e clínicos dos pacientes e as concentrações de microfibras plásticas isoladas do trato respiratório. Os resultados mostraram uma concentração média de microfibras plásticas de 9,18 ± 2,45 MF/100 ml LBA, com um tamanho médio de 1,73 ± 0,15 mm e uma dimensão máxima de 9,96 mm, correspondente a uma fibra poliacrílica. Foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas em relação ao sexo, idade, hábito tabágico, tipo de ocupação e diagnóstico por raio-X do paciente, entre outros. São necessários mais estudos para elucidar os efeitos negativos que estes microcontaminantes podem ter sobre o sistema respiratório humano e as doenças associadas.

[ENG] Microplastics have been detected in all environmental compartments including the atmosphere, although so far few studies have investigated them in the human respiratory tract. This paper includes all the results from the analysis of plastic microfibers in the lower airway of 44 adult patients with different respiratory pathologies using to this end the fluid obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage as a minimally invasive method. We studied the relationship between patient life habits and physiological and medical parameters and the plastic microfiber concentrations isolated in the respiratory tract. The result showed an average plastic microfiber concentration of 9.18 ± 2.45 MF/100 ml BAL, with an average size of 1.73 ± 0.15 mm and a maximum size of 9.96 mm, corresponding to a polyacrylic fiber. There appeared statistically significant differences with patient gender, age, smoking habit, occupation type and X-ray diagnosis. More studies are needed to determine the negative effects these micropollutants may have on the human respiratory system and its associated diseases.

Deseamos expresar nuestro más sincero agradecimiento a José V. Navarro por el transporte seguro y eficiente de las muestras de BAL desde el Hospital General Universitario de Elche a los laboratorios de la UPCT, así como al Servicio de Neumología de dicho hospital, en particular a Sandra Ruiz, Lucía Zamora y María José Soler por su ayuda en la recolección de muestras BAL y apoyo en la investigación. También queremos mostrar nuestro agradecimiento a la Fundación Valenciana de Neumología y a FISABIO.

Country
Spain
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Keywords

Bronchoalveolar lavage, Microplastics, Salud pública, pulmón, Exposição ambiental, Exposición ambiental, salud pública, Tecnologías del Medio Ambiente, Lung, Public health, Pulmão, R, Lavado broncoalveolar, lavado broncoalveolar, exposición ambiental, microfibras, Microplásticos, Lavagem broncoalveolar, Environmental exposure, Saúde Public., Microfibras, Pulmón, microplásticos, Microfibers, Medicine, 33 Ciencias Tecnológicas

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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