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Diagnóstico e tratamento da leucoplasia proliferativa verrucosa

Authors: Costa, Fabiana Manuel;

Diagnóstico e tratamento da leucoplasia proliferativa verrucosa

Abstract

Embora a sua incidência seja variada, o cancro da cabeça e do pescoço é responsável por aproximadamente 350 000 mortes por ano em todo o mundo, sendo uma grande preocupação para a saúde pública. Estes cancros podem ser precedidos por lesões potencialmente malignas, entre as quais se insere a leucoplasia. A leucoplasia oral foi definida pela OMS como “uma lesão predominantemente branca da mucosa oral que não pode ser caracterizada como qualquer outra lesão definível” (Pindborg et al., 1997; Van der Waal & Axéll, 2002). Há um tipo de leucoplasia, denominada leucoplasia proliferativa verrucosa (LPV) cujo aspecto clínico inicial é caracterizado pela presença duma lesão branca, homogénea, aparentemente inócua, que desenvolve áreas eritematosas, superfície verrucosa, comportamento agressivo e envolvimento multifocal com o passar do tempo. Por um lado, este tipo de leucoplasia tem características especiais, tais como a elevada taxa de malignização, que pode atingir 70% dos casos e por outro lado, a elevada taxa de recidiva. O problema quanto ao diagnóstico destas lesões é que normalmente já é feito tardiamente, numa fase em que as lesões já evoluíram, de forma que o prognóstico se torna menos favorável. Embora haja tratamento para a LPV, ainda nenhum conseguiu reduzir as recorrências. Desta forma, considera-se fundamental o diagnóstico precoce para assim identificar pacientes de risco. Although its incidence is not precise, the head and neck cancer is responsible for 350 000 deaths aproximately, per year all around the world, which is a huge concern for public health. These cancers can be preceeded by lesions highly malignant in which leukoplakia is inserted. The oral leukoplakia was defined by OMS as being “a mainly white lesion of the oral mucosa that can not be defined as any other lesion.” There is a type of leukoplakia, called proliferative verrucous (PVL) which at first clinical approach, presents a white homogeneous lesion, apparently innoffensive that develops erythematous and verrucous areas, aggressive behaviour along the time. On one hand, this type of leukoplakia has special characteristics such as high malignancy rate, which can reach 70% of cases and on the other hand, the high recurrence rate. As far as it concerns the diagnostic problem of these lesions is that usually done very late, in a stage in which the lesions have already developed in such a way that the prognostic is less favourable. Nevertheless there is treatment for PVL, none was able to have complete success. In this way, it is crucial a fast growing diagnosis in order to identify the patients at risk.

Country
Portugal
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Keywords

Treatment, Tratamento, Diagnóstico, Diagnosis, Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia, Leucoplasia proliferativa verrucosa

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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