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Nanomedicinas de uso entérico: aplicações para autoimunização

Authors: Semião, João Tiago C.;

Nanomedicinas de uso entérico: aplicações para autoimunização

Abstract

As nanopartículas poliméricas, destinadas à administração oral de proteínas e péptidos terapêuticos, são actualmente uma realidade inovadora na área da biotecnologia e predizem uma revolução no campo das ciências farmacêuticas nas suas diferentes abordagens. Contudo, existem alguns factores condicionantes na vectorização deste tipo de moléculas que dificultam a concepção de fórmulas farmacêuticas viáveis para uso terapêutico generalizado, tais como, baixa permeabilidade na membrana, biodisponibilidade terapêutica diminuída, elevado peso molecular e degradação enzimática ao longo do tracto gastrointestinal. Todavia, nas últimas décadas têm sido realizados inúmeros esforços pela comunidade científica, emergindo assim a área da nanomedicina como a resposta mais plausível para a concepção de vectores coloidais que permitam ultrapassar as limitações inerentes a este tipo de fármacos. O presente estudo tem como objectivo dar a conhecer os avanços científicos mais recentes na área das nanopartículas poliméricas, em particular no desenvolvimento de sistemas coloidais que permitam a autoimunização. Pretende-se assim elucidar o leitor para: i. vantagens e dificuldades na concepção de partículas nanométricas ii. mecanismos de transporte envolvidos no transporte de nanopartículas iii. abordar as principais dificuldades na vectorização de péptidos e proteínas iv. expor os vários polímeros naturais e sintéticos disponíveis que apresentam melhores capacidades bioadesivas, imunogénicas e biodegradáveis v. dar a conhecer algumas moléculas terapêuticas que futuramente poderão ser vectorizadas através de nanopartículas poliméricas. vi. Introduzir o conceito de nanovacina Polymeric nanoparticles applied for oral delivery of peptides and proteins, are a current innovative area in biotechnology foreseeing changes in pharmaceutics at different levels. However, several factors exist defining the drug targeting properties of these molecules, limiting the design of drug formulations for therapeutic application, such as low membrane permeability, low bioavailability, high molecular weight and enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. The scientific community has nevertheless made numerous efforts in the last decade and the emerging of nanomedicine is a promising approach to overcome the inherent limitations of this type of drugs. The present study aims therefore to ascertain the latest scientific advances in the field of polymeric nanoparticles, in particular in the development of colloidal systems that allow autoimmunity. It is expected to elucidate the reader about the: i. advantages and difficulties in the design of nanometer particles ii. transport mechanisms involved in the transport of nanoparticles iii. main difficulties in carry of peptides and proteins iv. various natural and synthetic polymers available that hold the best bioadhesive, biodegradable and immunogenic abilities v. therapeutic molecules that may hereafter can be carry using polymeric nanoparticles. vi. concept of nanovacccine

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Portugal
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Keywords

Autoimunização, Nanopartículas poliméricas, Péptidos, Proteins, Nanovaccines, Vectorização, Polymeric nanoparticles, Drug vectorization, Autoimmunization, Nanomedicine, Nanomedicina, Proteínas, Peptides, Nanovacinas

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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