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Farmacogenética em toxicologia forense

Authors: Paiva, Ana Rita Gomes de;

Farmacogenética em toxicologia forense

Abstract

A farmacogenética é a ciência que estuda a influência da componente genética nas respostas a tratamentos farmacológicos. Estas podem variar entre indivíduos devido a vários fatores, sendo um deles a ocorrência de polimorfismos em genes que codifiquem proteínas envolvidas no metabolismo, transporte do fármaco ou que sejam o alvo da ação farmacológica. Os estudos farmacogenéticos têm desempenhado um importante papel na área da toxicologia forense uma vez que acrescentam informações que podem auxiliar na identificação da causa e circunstância da morte, especialmente nos casos em que as concentrações de fármacos encontradas nas análises toxicológicas post mortem são difíceis de interpretar. Estas informações adicionais servem essencialmente para determinar se a morte foi intencional ou acidental, tendo sido publicados vários casos que o demonstram. No entanto, estes estudos apresentam ainda bastantes limitações e são necessárias mais evidências científicas para que sejam implementados na rotina médico-legal e possam ser usados como evidência em tribunal. Apesar deste facto, é amplamente reconhecido que os polimorfismos genéticos podem desempenhar um relevante papel nas mortes e isto alerta para a necessidade da realização de estudos farmacogenéticos aquando da prescrição médica de forma a evitar que tal aconteça. Pharmacogenetics is the science that studies the influence of genetic component in responses to pharmacological treatments. These can vary between individuals due to various factors, one being the occurrence of polymorphisms in genes encoding proteins involved in metabolism, transport of the drug or are the target of pharmacological action. The pharmacogenetics studies have played an important role in the field of forensic toxicology since it adds information that can help to conclude about the cause and manner of death in cases where drugs are found in certain concentrations and thus toxicological results are not clear. This additional information should primarily serve to distinguish intentional and accidental causes and there are several published cases that show that. However, these studies still have many limitations and are needed more scientific evidence before can be implemented in forensic routine and can be used as evidence in court. Despite this fact, there is evidence that genetic polymorphisms may play a role in the deaths and this points to the need of conducting pharmacogenetics studies on prescription to avoid that.

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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
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