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Vacinas anticárie

Authors: Santos, Joana Gouveia dos;

Vacinas anticárie

Abstract

A cárie dentária é uma das doenças infecciosas mais comum no homem. Um dos principais microrganismos causadores desta doença é o Streptococcus mutans caracterizado pelos seus diversos mecanismos de virulência. Fatores do hospedeiro como consumo elevado de hidratos de carbono e higiene oral deficiente produzem condições ideais na cavidade oral, fundamentais para o desenvolvimento dos mecanismos de patogenecidade de Streptococcus mutans. Ao longo dos anos, inúmeras foram as tentativas para reduzir a prevalência e incidência da cárie. Entre elas encontram-se estratégias como redução do consumo de hidratos de carbono na dieta, utilização de substituintes dos açúcares, introdução de agentes bacteriostáticos e bacteriocidas em produtos de higiene oral e na água de consumo, como o flúor,a clorexidina, entre outros. Com o progresso das ciências e das tecnologias surgiu o desejo de criar algo que erradicasse por completo a cárie dentária. Grandes autores da investigação estudaram afincadamente o processo de desenvolvimento da cárie, os mecanismos de virulência de Streptococcus mutans, a genética e a biologia molecular inerente a esses processos. Após conhecimento da base do processo carioso, desenvolveram numerosas experiências em animais a fim de encontrarem uma vacina anticárie que poderá ser eficaz no homem sem compromisso da sua segurança. Dental caries is one of the most common infectious diseases of mankind. One of the major causative microorganisms of this disease is Streptococcus mutans characterized by their different virulence mechanisms. Host factors such as high consumption of carbohydrates and poor oral hygiene produce ideal conditions in the oral cavity, fundamental for the development of the mechanisms of pathogenicity of Streptococcus mutans. Over the years numerous attempts have been maid to reduce the prevalence and incidence of caries. Among these are strategies to reduce the consumption of carbohydrates in the diet, the use of sugar substituts, the introdution of bacteriocides and bacteriostatic agents in oral hygiene products and drinking water, such as fluoride and chlorhexidine, among others. With the progress of science and technology came the desire to create something that would extinguish dental caries. Great authors of the research studied the development process of the dental carie, the mechanisms of virulence of Streptococcus mutans, genetics and molecular biology inherent in these processes. After knowing the whole process of the disease, numerous experiments were developed on animals in order to find a vaccine that could be effective in man without compromising its security.

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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
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