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handle: 10284/1664 , http://hdl.handle.net/10284/1664
A endodontia é a área da medicina dentária responsável pelo estudo de todo o sistema de canais radiculares e dos tecidos periapicais bem como das doenças que os atingem. O tratamento endodôntico não cirúrgico (TENC) está indicado em casos de cáries profundas com comprometimento pulpar, fracturas dentárias, trauma dentário, trauma ortodôntico, lesões endo-periodontais, necessidades protéticas e outras patologias endodônticas, pretendendo manter o dente na cavidade oral e garantir a saúde dos tecidos perirradiculares. O objectivo deste trabalho de pesquisa pretende abordar uma vertente mais recente da instrumentação, a instrumentação mecanizada, composta por limas de NiTi acopladas a um motor eléctrico. Apesar de existirem diversos sistemas de instrumentação mecanizada, no trabalho focou-se o sistema ProTaper, visto ter sido o utilizado no caso clínico, sendo constituído por três limas de conformação (S1, S2 e a lima acessória SX) e cinco limas de acabamento (F1, F2, F3, F4 e F5). Realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica recorrendo às bases de dados da Pubmed e B-On com as seguintes palavras-chave: “rotary systems”; “root canal”; “NiTi”; “Endodontic treatment”; “ProTaper”. Dos resultados apresentados foram seleccionados 52 artigos publicados entre 1965 e 2010, também se obtiveram artigos que estavam disponíveis nas bibliotecas da Faculdade Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa e da Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade do Porto. Foram ainda consultados livros de referência acerca do tema em questão. No que toca à previsibilidade do tratamento endodôntico, a instrumentação mecanizada vai ser similar à manual, pois os conceitos e princípios são iguais, o mesmo se passa com a eliminação bacteriana sendo semelhante entre ambas, diferenciando-se num ponto importante para os dias de hoje que é o tempo de consulta, reduzindo o desconforto para o paciente e para o médico dentista. The endodontics is the field of dentistry responsible for the study of the whole system of canals and periapical tissues as well as diseases that affect them. The endodontic treatment (endodontically treated) is indicated in cases of deep caries with pulp involvement, dental fractures, dental trauma, orthodontic trauma, injury, endoperiodontal, prosthetic and other needs endodontic pathologies, intending to keep the tooth in the oral cavity and to ensure health of the periradicular tissues. The purpose of this research was to address one aspect of the latest instrumentation, mechanical instrumentation, consisting of NiTi files attached to an electric motor. Though there were various systems of mechanical instrumentation, work focused on the ProTaper system, since it was used in the clinical case consists of three files conformation (S1, S2 and file accessory SX) and five finishing files (F1, F2, F3, F4 and F5). Was therefore conducted a literature search using the databases Pubmed and b- On with the following keywords: "rotary systems"; "root canal", "NiTi", "Endodontic treatment"; "ProTaper. The results presented were selected 52 articles published between 1965 and 2010 were obtained that were available in the libraries of the Health Sciences Faculty of University Fernando Pessoa and the School of Dental Medicine, University of Porto. Were also consulted reference books on the subject in question. Regarding the predictability of endodontic treatment, the mechanical instrumentation will be similar to the manual, because the concepts and principles are the same, the same goes for bacteria elimination was similar between the two, differing in one important point for today, what is the consultation time, reducing discomfort for the patient and the dentist.
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