Russia’s recent invasion of Ukraine has brought the issue of post-Soviet Russian imperialism to the attention of geopolitical reflection. Aleksandr Dugin is a leading figure in contemporary Russian philosophy. In his work, he addresses a number of issues with an almost immediate reflection to international politics: the contrast between East and West, the opposition between postmodernity and the defence of traditional values, and multi-polarism as an alternative form of world governance to globalism. The article addresses, in general terms, the main features of the philosophical universe created by Dugin: from Dasein as the engine of history to the Radical Subject as the “destructive” moment, the themes of what Dugin calls Fourth Political Theory are outlined and discussed. By proposing an alliance between Right and Left, Dugin’s theory evokes certain aspects of fascism, similar to that which appeared in Italy and Germany about a century ago.