
Esta trabajo trata de dar una visión de conjunto de cómo ha evolucionado la teoría económica del comercio internacional, y de cómo esta evolución ha afectado a la teoría de la integración económica en su versión original. Aspectos como el desarrollo del comercio intra industrial y su desagregación por calidades, la debilidad de la evidencia empírica apropósito de la creación y desviación de comercio como consecuencia de las uniones aduaneras, etc. forman parte de los objetivos de la reflexión. Por último, se señala la necesidad de retomar la dotación factorial como una de las explicaciones básicas en el análisis de los procesos de integración económica____________________________________________________________________________The aim of this paper is to provide a global vision about the evolution of the international trade theory, and its influence on the economic integration theory in its original version. The analysis deals with the development of the inter-industrial trade and its partition in terms of qualities. Moreover, this study tries to overcome the empirical weakness on trade creation and trade diversion as a consequence of customs unions. Finally, we highlight the convenience of taking into account the differences on factorial endowments as one of the most important issue in order to explain the economic integration processes.
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