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Article . 2003
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El patrón de cambios en la masa corporal de los Hipparionini (Perissodactyla, Equidae) de la península ibérica durante el Mioceno Superior-Plioceno Superior

Authors: Ortiz Jaureguizar, Edgardo; Alberdi, María Teresa;

El patrón de cambios en la masa corporal de los Hipparionini (Perissodactyla, Equidae) de la península ibérica durante el Mioceno Superior-Plioceno Superior

Abstract

[ES] Los objetivos del presente trabajo son: 1) inferir la masa corporal de los Hipparionini de la península ibérica; y 2) enmarcar el patrón de cambios en la masa corporal dentro de la evolución climático-ambiental de la península ibérica durante el lapso Mioceno superior-Plioceno superior. La masa corporal se estimó a partir del ancho de la superficie articular de la primera falange del dedo central, utilizándose para ello una ecuación de regresión. Una vez estimada la masa corporal, se la correlacionó con dos indicadores paleoecológicos, el índice de gracilidad (IG) y el de hipsodoncia (IH). El patrón de cambios en la masa corporal a través del tiempo se analizó considerando como unidades cronológicas las Edades-mamífero (ELMAs) y las zonas de Mein (MN). Los resultados obtenidos muestran que: 1) la mayoría de los fósiles (32 %) habrían alcanzado una masa que se ubica en el intervalo comprendido entre los 150 y los 199 Kg., siguiéndoles en número aquellos cuya masa se hallaría comprendida entre los 100 y los 149 Kg. (26 %). Las tallas extremas (i.e., 0-49; 300-349 y 350-399 Kg.) habrían tenido una frecuencia mucho menor (5%), estando representada cada una de ellas por un solo taxón; 2) a lo largo de su biocrón, los Hipparionini se mantienen fundamentalmente dentro del rango comprendido entre los 100 y los 200 Kg.; 3) las formas de mayor masa corporal se registran en las MN 10 y 16, en tanto que las formas de menor masa corporal se registran en la MN 13; 4) la correlación entre la masa corporal y los índices de gracilidad e hipsodoncia es muy baja (r = 0,1465 para el IG y r = -0,2338 para el IH). Sobre la base de estos resultados, la extrapolación del modelo de relación entre la masa corporal y las variables climático-ambientales (i.e., clima, tipo de vegetación) desarrollado para los Equini, y la información bibliográfica sobre las condiciones climático-ambientales imperantes en la península ibérica durante el lapso Mioceno superior-Plioceno superior, se infiere que los Hipparionini de menor masa corporal (e.g., H. gromovae; H. periafricanum; H. primigenium) habitaron ambientes relativamente cerrados (e.g., matorral-bosque abierto) bajo condiciones climáticas relativamente cálidas y húmedas, en tanto que las formas de mayor masa corporal (i.e., Hipparion del yacimiento de La Roma 2; H. rocinantis) habitaron ambientes más abiertos (e.g., sabanas), bajo condiciones climáticas relativamente más frías y secas.

[EN] The objectives of this study were: 1) to infer the body mass of Hipparionini of the Iberian Peninsula; and 2) to provide the setting for the pattern of changes in body mass within the climatic-environmental evolution of the Iberian Peninsula during the interval of time between the upper Miocene to the upper Pliocene. Body mass was estimated from the width of the articular surface of the first phalange of the central digit using a regression equation. Once body mass was estimated, it was correlated with two paleoecological indicators – the gracility index (IG) and the hypsodonty index (IH). Using Mammal-ages (ELMAs) and Mein zones (MN) as chronological units, the pattern of body mass change over time was analyzed. Results showed that: 1) a majority of fossils (32%) reached a mass that placed them in the 100 Kg. to 200 Kg. interval; followed by those whose mass fell in the 100 to 149 Kg. range (26%). Extreme sizes (i.e., 0-49; 300-349 and 350-399 Kg.) were reported much less frequently (5%), with each of these ranges being represented by a single taxon; 2) throughout their biochron, Hipparionini remained fundamentally within the 100 to 200 Kg. range; 3) the forms with thengua largest body mass were recorded in MNs 10 and 16, while those of least body mass were recorded in MN 13; 4) there was minimal correlation between body mass and the gracility and hypsodonty indices (r = 0.1465 for the IG and r = -0.2338 for the IH). Through these results, the extrapolation of a relation model between body mass and the climatic-environmental variables (i.e., climate, vegetation type) developed for the Equini, and the bibliographic information regarding the prevailing climatic-environmental conditions on the Iberian Peninsula during the upper Miocene-upper Pliocene interval, it was possible to infer that Hipparionini of least body mass (e.g., H. gromovae; H. periafricanum; H. primigenium) inhabited relatively closed environments (e.g., open forest-thicket), under relatively warm and humid conditions; while forms of greater body mass (i.e., Hipparion from the La Roma 2 site; H. rocinantis) inhabited more open environments (e.g. savanna), under climatic conditions that were relatively colder and drier.

El presente trabajo fue hecho posible gracias al Proyecto conjunto de Investigación entre España y Argentina de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Iberoamericana, 2001 y el proyecto PB-1250 de la DGICYT.

Peer reviewed

Country
Argentina
Keywords

Portugal, Pliocene, Mioceno, HIPPARIONINI, España, Masa corporal, Plioceno, Equidae, Hipparionini, Miocene, PALEOECOLOGÍA, MIOCENO, Paleoecología, Body mass, ESPAÑA, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5, Spain, EQUIDAE, PORTUGAL, Paleoecology, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1, MASA CORPORAL, PLIOCENO

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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