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DIGITAL.CSIC
Doctoral thesis . 2013 . Peer-reviewed
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Compuestos bioactivos y producción de grelos y nabizas: variación fenotípica y ambiental

Authors: Francisco Candeira, Marta;

Compuestos bioactivos y producción de grelos y nabizas: variación fenotípica y ambiental

Abstract

[ES] En Galicia, los cultivos de la especie Brassica rapa subs. rapa L conocidos como nabizas y grelos tienen una larga tradición y amplia distribución. Las nabizas son las hojas vegetativas y los grelos son los brotes florales junto con las hojas que los rodean. El cultivo de estas hortalizas se realiza en pequeños minifundios y los agricultores cosechan su propia semilla año tras año. Estos hechos favorecieron la generación de numerosas variedades adaptadas a las condiciones ecológicas de cada zona así como a las preferencias de los consumidores locales lo que implica una amplia diversidad de los cultivos en toda la geografía gallega. Esta diversidad hace que sean una fuente prometedora para buscar características deseables, ya sea desde el punto de vista de la calidad, producción o resistencia a estreses. En la presente tesis se ha llevado a cabo el estudio de diferentes caracteres agronómicos, nutritivos y sensoriales en 12 variedades locales de B. rapa cultivadas en diferentes ambientes. En conjunto, los resultados obtenidos demuestran que existe una gran variabilidad entre variedades locales de B. rapa, por lo que fue posible seleccionar aquellas más productivas en función de su uso (nabiza o grelo), o de sus cualidades nutritivas. Gracias al estudio de la interacción de los distintos genotipos con el ambiente fue posible determinar las variedades más estables así como los ambientes más idóneos para su producción. Además, se completó el estudio nutricional de nabizas y grelos con la identificación y cuantificación de compuestos beneficiosos para la salud humana. Sobre algunos de estos compuestos se realizó un estudio más detallado para determinar el efecto del genotipo, el ambiente y el procesado en su contenido final. Así mismo se definieron las cualidades organolépticas de nabizas y grelos y su relación con la presencia de determinados metabolitos secundarios. Como conclusión, los datos aportados en este trabajo pueden ser de utilidad, por un lado para profundizar en el conocimiento acerca de estos cultivos, ya sea de su calidad nutritiva u organoléptica como de su relación con el medio ambiente de cultivo, como a la hora de seleccionar variedades para futuros programas de mejora en base a preferencias tanto del agricultor como del consumidor.

[EN] In Galicia (northwestern Spain), Brassica rapa subs. rapa L. includes turnip greens and turnip tops as main crops and are widely distributed and consumed in this region. Turnip greens are the leaves harvested in the vegetative period, while turnip tops are the fructiferous stems with the flower buds and the surrounding leaves. According to the particularities of Galician agriculture (small familiar farms and tradicional cultural practices), farmers obtain their own seeds for sowing. This process has led to a great number of landraces adapted to different conditions and uses all along Galician geography. This diversity makes them a promising source to find desirable properties, either from the standpoint of quality, production or resistance to stresses. In the present thesis the study of several agronomic, nutritional and sensory traits in 12 local varieties of B. rapa grown in different environments has been carried out. Overall, results showed that there is a great variability in the local B. rapa varieties, therefore, it was possible to select the most suitable varieties for turnip greens or turnip tops production and the varieties with enhanced and stable levels of health-beneficial compounds. The study of genotype × environment interaction allowed to determine the most stable varieties and also the suitable environments for fresh crop production. Besides, this work assessed the nutritional quality of turnip greens and turnip tops with the identification and quantification of health-beneficial compounds. On some of these compounds a detailed study to determine the effect of genotype, environment and procesing methods on the final concentrations of these metabolites was carried out. Furthermore, were defined the sensory attributes of turnip greens and turnip tops as well as their relationship with secondary metabolites. In conclusion, the data reported in this work may be usefull to deeper understanding about these crops, either for nutritional or sensory quality and its relationship with the culture environment or for selecting varieties for future breeding programs based on producers and consumers preferences.

Agradecimientos al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, por la concesión de la beca predoctoral I3P (BPD-2006) y al proyecto ‘Potencial fitogenético de grelos y nabizas (Brassica rapa): valor agronómico y nutritivo (PGIDIT06RAG40302PR), financiado por la Xunta de Galicia por aportar medios económicos con los que realizar este trabajo.

Peer Reviewed

198 p.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Health-beneficial compounds, Compuestos bioactivos, Turnip tops, Brassica rapa, Varieties, Galicia (northwestern Spain), Turnip greens, Grelos, Nabizas, Variabilidad

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
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