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Las formaciones de Sabina albar (Juniperus thurifera subsp. africana) en los macizos de Toubkal y Azourki del Gran Atlas (Marruecos)

Authors: Romo, Àngel; Salvà Catarineu, Montserrat; Ouhammou, Ahmed; Boratyński, Adam;

Las formaciones de Sabina albar (Juniperus thurifera subsp. africana) en los macizos de Toubkal y Azourki del Gran Atlas (Marruecos)

Abstract

[ES]El Medio, Alto y Anti Atlas constituyen el mayor centro de biodiversidad y endemismos del N de África.En este punto caliente, los bosques viejos de Sabina albar, especialmente los situados a gran altura, son de un gran interés biogeográfico, constituyendo los remanentes de bosques ancestrales mas extendidos en épocas preglaciares. Los sabinares son de especial importancia ecológica, puesto que están entre los pocos –y a veces únicos- árboles capaces de crecer en las condiciones climáticas semi-áridas de la alta montaña. Este es el caso de la sabina albar marroquí en el occidente mediterráneo. Los sabinares de Juniperus thurifera subsp. africana forman manchones que generan condiciones microclimáticas, y favorecen fenómenos de facilitación y de dispersión con otras especies. Este impacto positivo de las sabinas y de los arbustos en la estructura de la comunidad de plantas y en la dinámica de zonas semiáridas promueve la constitución de pequeños puntos calientes de biodiversidad. Para comprender la estructura de la comunidad y la capacidad de regeneración de las diferentes poblaciones de la Sabina albar marroquí, se han muestreado los macizos de Toubkal y Azourki, y el valle de Aït-Bou-Guemmez. Estos bosques relícticos y periglaciales están profundamente degradados debido a la presión humana y al pastoreo. Se deberían tomar medidas de conservación y de restauración lo más eficazmente posible. Esta tarea es urgente porque una vez degradados, estos ecosistemas son de muy lenta regeneración o incapaces de ningún tipo de recuperación, pues su resiliencia es muy baja o inexistente.

[EN]The Anti, High and Middle Atlas are the most important centers of Biodiversity and endemism of N Africa. In this hotspot, the old juniper woodlands, especially at the higher elevations, are de great biogeographical interest, being the remnants of more widespread ancestral pre-glacial juniper woodlands. Junipers are xerophytes of special ecological importance since they are ones of the few –sometimes the only– trees able to grow on semi-arid high mountain climatic environments. This is the case of the Western Mediterranean basin for the morocco juniper (J. thurifera L. subsp. africana). These Juniperus thurifera subsp. africana forests are patches of remnant woodlands of locally improved soil and microclimatic conditions, plant facilitative interactions and plant dispersal. Positive impacts of junipers and shrubs on community structure and dynamics of semi-arid area promoted the formation of small biodiversity hotspots. For to know the community structure and the regeneration of different populations of morocco juniper from Toubkal and Azourki massifs, and from Aït-Bou-Guemmez valley, have been studied. These relict periglacial woodlands are strongly degraded due to wood removal and livestock activity. Specific measures of conservation and restoration should be drawn up. This task is urgent because one degraded this ecosystems are often slow or unable to regenerate because its resilence is low or nul.

5 p. Comucación presentada al VII Congreso Español de Biogeografía. Pirineo 2012: Las zonas de montaña: gestión y biodiversidad, celebrado del 3 al 7 de septiembre de 2012.

Peer reviewed

Country
Spain
Keywords

Degradation, Hotspot, Fragmentation, Juniper woodlands, Conservación, Fragmentación, Puntos calientes de biodiversidad, Conservation, Degradación

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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