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Estudios sobre la reproducción vegetativa del castaño. I. Enraizamiento en el acodo alto mediante el empleo de fitohormonas

Authors: Viéitez Cortizo, Ernesto;

Estudios sobre la reproducción vegetativa del castaño. I. Enraizamiento en el acodo alto mediante el empleo de fitohormonas

Abstract

[ES] Durante el año 1952 se han realizado estudios para conocer la reactividad del castaño a los tratamientos fitohormonales inductores de enraizamiento, con vistas a la posibilidad de reproducir asexualmente esta especie. Se han ensayado los siguientes tratamientos: 1.º (10 mg/g AlA 10 mg/g A NA 2 mg/g 2,4-D), 2.º (5 mg/g AlA 5 mg/g ANA 1 mg/g 2,4-D), 3.º (l mg/g AlA 1 mg/g ANA 0,25 mg/g 2,4-D). 4.º (20 mg/g AlA 10 mg/g AlP). 5.º (20 mg/g AlA 10 mg/ANA). 6.º 25 mg/g ácido naftoxiacético. 7.º (10 mg/g AIB 3 mg/g AlA 2 mg/g ANA), 8.º (5 mg/g AIB 5 mg/g AIA). 9.º 12 mg/g AlB. 10.º 10 mg/g AlB. 11.º 5 mg/g AIB. 12.º 4 mg/g 2,4,5-T. 13.º 4 mg/g 2,4-D. 14.º 2 mg/g 2,4-D. 15.º (4 mg/g AlA 4 mg/g 2,4-D), 1º. 3 mayo, 28 mayo, 6 junio, 26 junio. 2º. 3 mayo, 28 mayo, 6 junio, 26 junio. 3º. 3 mayo, 6 junio. 4º. 6 junio, 26 junio. 5º. 6 junio, 26 junio. 6º. 6 junio, 26 junio. 7º. 26 julio. 8º. 3 mayo, 28 mayo, 6 junio. 9º. 26 junio, 7 julio. 10º. 3 mayo, 26 mayo, 6 junio. 11º. 3 mayo, 26 mayo, 6 junio. 6 junio. 12º. 6 junio. 13º. 6 junio. 14º. 6 junio. 15º. 6 junio. Los tratamientos fueron aplicados directamente a ramas del castaño en su primer año de crecimiento. Para ello la pasta se extendió sobre 3-4 cms. de la rama, se recubrió con musgo de Sfagno vivo humedecido y todo con tela plástica (lámina). Las respuestas obtenidas fueron muy variadas, oscilando entre enraizamiento rápido y muerte de las ramas. Han resultado efectivos como inductores de raíces en determinados casos los tratamientos 2, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14 y 15, sin embargo merecen especial interés los tratamientos 8, 10 y 15. El empleo del 2,4-D y 2,4,5-T debe hacerse con suma precaución, pues si bien favorecen el enraizamiento en determinados casos, es fácil provocar daño en las ramas tratadas. Una dosificación exacta de los mismos es completamente necesaria. Consideramos que es necesario realizar nuevas experiencias siguiendo las directrices de este trabajo antes de llegar a conclusiones definitivas.

[EN] In order to get rooting of chestnut, experiences with growth promoting substances were carried out for last 1952 by the Department of Plant Physiology of the “Misión Biológica de Galicia, Pontevedra”. Chestnuts of 3-4 years old were used but treatments were only applied to the young branches at different stages of growth. Treatments tested and dates for their application were: 1st (10 mg/g IAA 10 mg/g NAA 2 mg/g 2,4-D). 3 May, 28 May, 6 June, 26 June. 2nd (5 mg/g IAA 5 mg/g NAA 1 mg/g 2,4-D).3 May, 28 May, 6 June, 26 June. 3rd (1 mg/g IAA 1 mg/g NAA 0,25 mg/g 2,11-D).3 May, 6 June. 4th (20 mgjg IAA 10 mg/g IPA). 6 June, 26 June. 5th (20 mg/g IAA 10 .mg/g NAA). 6 June, 26 June. 6th 25 mg/g Naphtoxyacetic acid. 6 June, 26 June. 7th (10 mg/g IBA 3 mg/g IAA 2 mg/g NAA).26 July. 8th (5 mg/g IBA 5 mg/g IAA). 3 May, 28 May, 6 June. 9th 12 mg/g IBA. 26 June, 7 July. 10th 10 mg/g IBA. 3 May, 26 May, 6 June. 11th 5 mg/g IBA. 3 May, 6 June. 12th 4 mg/g 2,4,5-T. 6 June. 13th 4 mg/g 2,4,-D. 6 June. 14th 2 mg/g 2,4-D. 6 June. 15th (4 mg/g IAA 4 mg/g 2,4-D). 6 June. All treatments were applied under a lanolin paste; a small amount of lanolin paste for 3-4 cms. long around the branche was smeared then covered it with moist living Sphagnum mosse and all carefully wrapped with plastic material (see plate I). Responses were very different ranging from big callus, death, roots, to a scarce one; it depends largely on date for treatment application as well as on growing stage of the branche. Treatments 2, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14 and 15 were able to induce roots but the best rootings were obtained with treatments 8, 10 and 15. 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T must be used cautiously; injures are easily produced if not employed at right amounts, especially when applied át the early stages of growth. On this line, further investigations must be made before any final conclusion may be drawn.

Peer reviewed

Keywords

Fitohormones, Castanea sativa, Chestnut, Rooting, Fitohormonas, Enraizamiento

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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