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La Arqueología en la Gasificación de Galicia 16: Excavación del yacimiento de Monte Buxel

Authors: Lima Oliveira, Elena; Prieto-Martínez, M. Pilar;

La Arqueología en la Gasificación de Galicia 16: Excavación del yacimiento de Monte Buxel

Abstract

[ES] Se presentan los resultados de la excavación arqueológica desarrollada en el año 1997 en el asentamiento de la Edad del Bronce de Monte Buxel. Esta excavación, realizada como parte de los trabajos de seguimiento arqueológico de la construcción de la Red de Gasificación de Galicia, supuso la apertura de un área de trabajo de unos 1.200 m2, en la que se documentaron diferentes estructuras pertenecientes a un amplio espacio de uso doméstico. Entre estas estructuras destaca el conjunto de grandes fosas globulares excavadas en el sustrato mineral. Se trata de elementos destinados al almacenaje de cereal, revestidas interiormente con una argamasa de sellado y aislamiento que en algunos casos aparece muy bien conservada. Es importante destacar además la notable capacidad de almacenamiento que suponen, pues tienen unos volumenes que van desde cerca de 1.000 a más de 2.000 litros. Otros elementos documentados incluyen pequeños agujeros de poste y zanjas que delimitarían estructuras de habitación y que, sin embargo, resultan difíciles de caracterizar debido a su alto grado de alteración, causada por la apertura de la pista de trabajo del mencionado gasoducto. Los elementos de cultura material recuperados en la excavación resultan bastante escasos y se concentran sobre todo en los depósitos inferiores que rellenan las fosas: restos de talla lítica, fragmentos de molinos de piedra y fragmentos de cerámica en general poco significativos. Además de la información relativa al momento de uso del poblado, para el que cabe plantear la existencia de una estratigrafía horizontal relacionada con un proceso de formación acumulativo (según el modelo de F. Méndez de "Áreas de Acumulación"), se incluyen evidencias y análisis relativos a su proceso de abandono y alteración post-deposicional, en el que se aprecia un breve episodio de relleno intencional de las estructuras seguido de una erosión y colmatación sedimentaria natural.

[EN] The main results of the archaeological excavation carried out on the Bronze Age site of Monte Buxel in 1997 are shown here. The works, undertook as part of the project of archaeological control of Galician Gasline Network, implied the clearance of an area of 1.200 sq. meters, in which a series of structures belonging to a wide settlement area were discovered. Among those a number of wide pits dug in the bare rock have to be highlighted. They were built for the storage of cereal seeds and fruits, and internally covered by a kind of mortar (composed mainly by clay), quite well preserved, intended for isolation. Their big storage capacity has to be underlined, since they range from nearly 1.000 up to 2.000 litres. Some other structures were discovered, such as small post holes and trenches, which would be part of domestic buildings (huts) quite hard to identify due to their bad preservation caused by the preliminar Gasline works. Material culture is scarce in the site, concentrated mainly in the bottom contexts inside pits: lithic remains, fragments of quern stones and pottery sherds not especially significant. In addition to the information related to the period of use of the settlement, for which a horizontal stratigraphy can be envisaged, related to a process of formation defined as "accumulative" (with regard to the F. Méndez model of "areas of accumulation"), a number of evidences and analyses related to the process of abandonment and post-depositional alteration are shown. That allows to appreciate an initial and brief episode of intentional filling of pits, followed by a wider natural process of erosion and sedimentation.

Dirección Xeral de Patrimonio Cultural (Consellería de Cultura, Comunicación Social e Turismo) en virtud del acuerdo con Gas Natural.

Traballos de Arqueoloxía e Patrimonio (TAPA)

Peer reviewed

Keywords

Bronze age, Bronze Age, Storage pits, Corrección de Impacto Arqueológico, Asentamientos, Laboratorio de Arqueología del Paisaje, Settlement site, Galicia, Excavación arqueológica, Fosas de almacenaje, Asentamiento, Post-depositional processes, LaPa, Procesos postdeposicionales, Archaeological excavations, Archaeological impact correction, Edad del Bronce, Laboratory of Landscape Archaeology

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
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