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DIGITAL.CSIC
Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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Mestres cirurgians i Mestres anatòmics

Authors: Martínez-Vidal, Àlvar; Pardo-Tomás, José;

Mestres cirurgians i Mestres anatòmics

Abstract

Com és ben sabut, els camps de la cirurgia i de la medicina -i, com a conseqüencia, els professionals que hi exercien, respectivament- estaven ben diferenciats com a conseqüencia, entre d'altres coses, d'una mentalitat ferotgement classista a l'hora de valorar socialment els grups que es guanyaven la vida amb el treball de les seues mans i els grups privilegiats (en essencia, noblesa i clergat) que vivien de rendes obtingudes sobretot del treball deis altres. Els cirurgians pertanyien sense cap mena de dubte al primer grup; els metges, en canvi, havien aconseguit, després d'un llarg i complex procés de legitimació que tenia els seus orígens en la institucionalització deis estudis de medicina dins el marc de la universitat medieval, una posició diferent, la qual, si bé no els va permetre entrar a formar part deis estaments privilegiats, els va situar dins els nous grups protagonistes del profund canvi que, des dels segles XIII i XIV, havia experimentar el món urba. Els metges maldaren per allunyar-se dels aspectes de la lluita contra la malaltia més clarament relacionats amb el treball manual, guanyant així per a la medicina la condició de treball intel-lectual i professió universitària. Això deixà un enorme camp propi pera la cirurgia i els cirurgians. Sols podien optar a la catedra d'anatomia aquells doctors en medicina que posseïen el títol de «mestre anatomic». Per aconseguir-lo, calia haver aprovat uns exàmens públics que incloïen, entre els diversos exercicis, la realització de tres disseccions públiques davant d'un jurar constituït a l'efecte, integrar per tres examinadors. Del prestigi i la distinció que gaudia aquest títol hi ha testimonis sobrats.

Peer reviewed

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Mestres cirugians, Segle XVII, Medicina, Cirugía, Mestres anatòmics, Segle XVIII, El Col·legi dels Cirugians

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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