Downloads provided by UsageCounts
handle: 10261/53882 , 10347/6090
[ES] El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal investigar el comportamiento de los materiales de carbono derivados del polímero poli (p-fenilen benzobisoxazol) (PBO) por activación y por tratamiento térmico a altas temperaturas, así como buscar razones que justifiquen que un mismo precursor dé lugar a materiales altamente desordenados a bajas temperaturas y a materiales grafíticos por simple tratamiento térmico a elevadas temperaturas. Se prepararon varias series de fibras de carbono activadas obteniéndose materiales con superficies específicas variables en función del método de activación utilizado. Los materiales activados físicamente presentan superficies específicas superiores a 900 m2/g a los mayores grados de quemado. La adición de pequeñas cantidades de ácido fosfórico produce un incremento en el rendimiento de los carbonizados y en su reactividad frente al dióxido de carbono. La activación química con ácido fosfórico, además de incrementar el rendimiento global del proceso, permite la preparación de adsorbentes carbonosos con superficies específicas elevadas, morfología fibrosa y una gran cantidad de grupos superficiales. Se investigaron los cambios estructurales y nanoestructurales que experimenta el polímero PBO al ser tratado a temperaturas comprendidas entre 900 y 2700 ºC. A 900 ºC el material está formado por poros alargados orientados a lo largo del eje de la fibra y con un orden estructural turbostrático. Al aumentar la temperatura de tratamiento las unidades que componen las paredes de los poros se incrementan, los poros se alisan, coalescen y la estructura del material tiende a ser laminar. A 2700 ºC se observan apilamientos de grafenos casi perfectos que dan lugar a un orden triperiódico. Como nexo de unión entre los dos apartados anteriores se estudió el efecto de la activación física de los carbonizados de PBO sobre la posterior evolución térmica de estos materiales y se compararon los resultados obtenidos con los correspondientes a los materiales sin activar. Se prepararon materiales a dos grados de quemado distintos (15 y 51%) y se encontró que existe una gran diferencia en porosidad entre los dos adsorbentes, pero a 1600 ºC la porosidad generada durante la etapa de activación desaparece. A temperaturas superiores a 2000 ºC, la evolución de los materiales activados es similar a la de los materiales sin activar, produciéndose una mejora progresiva del orden estructural, desde un orden turbostrático a uno triperiódico.
[EN] The main aim of this work is to investigate the behaviour of carbon materials derived from the polymer poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) (PBO) by activation and thermal treatment at high temperatures, as well as elucidate the reasons why the same precursor gives rise to highly disordered porous materials at low temperatures and graphitic materials by heat treatment at elevated temperatures. Several series of activated carbon fibers were prepared using physical activation with carbon dioxide, chemical activation with phosphoric acid and a combination of both methods; materials with variable surface areas depending on the method of activation were obtained. Activated carbon fibers prepared by physical activation have surface areas higher of 900 m2/g at the highest studied burn-off. The addition of small amounts of phosphoric acid produced an increase in char yield and reactivity towards carbon dioxide. Chemical activation with phosphoric acid, besides increasing the yield of the overall activation process, allowed the preparation of carbonaceous adsorbents with large surface areas, fibrous morphology and a large amount of surface functional groups. Structural and nanostructural changes underwent by PBO-derived carbon fibers at temperatures between 900 and 2700 °C were also investigated. A 900 °C, the material contains elongated pores oriented along the fiber axis and the structural order is turbostratic. With increasing heat treatment temperature the units comprising the pore walls increase in number, the pores are straight, coalesce and the material nanostructure tends to be lamellar. At 2700 °C the material consists of a stacking of perfect graphene layers and the triperiodic order is developed. As a link between the two previous sections, the effect of physical activation of PBO chars on the subsequent thermal evolution of these materials was studied and the results were compared with those obtained with non-activated materials. PBO chars were activated with CO2 to two different burn off degrees (15 and 51%). Although there is an important difference in porosity between the two adsorbents, but at 1600 ºC the porosity generated during the activation step disappeared. The evolution of activated material with heat treatment temperature was similar to the non-activated material, resulting in a progressive improvement from turbostratic order to one triperiodic.
Tesis doctoral presentada en el Departamento de Química Orgánica de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela. 2012
Peer reviewed
Fibra de carbono activadas, Grafito, PBO, Grafitización, Carbon materials, Carbon fibers, Activación, Materiales de carbono, Fibras de carbono
Fibra de carbono activadas, Grafito, PBO, Grafitización, Carbon materials, Carbon fibers, Activación, Materiales de carbono, Fibras de carbono
| selected citations These citations are derived from selected sources. This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 0 | |
| popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Average | |
| influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Average | |
| impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Average |
| views | 39 | |
| downloads | 448 |

Views provided by UsageCounts
Downloads provided by UsageCounts