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handle: 10261/51359
[ES]: Se describen los productos de degradación oxidativa, estudiados por cromatografía de gases/espectrometría de masas, de las fracciones de tipo húmico extraídas de dos compost de paja de trigo inoculados con el hongo dematiáceo Ulocladium atrum, en comparación con las correspondientes fracciones obtenidas por los mismos procedimientos a partir de la biomasa fúngica y de la paja. Tras degradación ácida con persulfato y oxidación alcalina con permanganato, se observó una composición diferente a la de los ácidos húmicos de los suelos, obteniéndose productos típicos de degradación de la lignina. Aunque la composición de las sustancias de tipo húmico de los compost resultó similar a la de la fracción extraida de la paja, indicando un bajo grado de maduración, pudieron reconocerse una serie de transformaciones cualitativas y cuantitativas tales como la rotura de la cadena lateral en las estructuras derivadas del fenilpropano, la oxidación de los compuestos fenólicos con formación de ácidos bencenocarboxílicos, la disminución relativa en la proporción de moléculas alifáticas de cadena larga, el incremento en el número de productos de degradación, etc. Estos efectos pueden diferir cuando el compostaje se lleva a cabo en condiciones semilíquidas de aerobiosis moderada, en las que se acentúa la contribución directa del hongo inoculado, reconociéndose diversos compuestos de origen predominatemente microbiano, y una menor alteración de la lignina.
[EN]: Oxidative degradation products of humic-like substances extracted from two wheat straw composts prepared after inoculation with the dematiaceous Ulocladium atrum and similar fractions extracted from the fungus and straw, have been studied by GC-MS. A different composition of the organic fractions extracted from compost in relation to the soil humic acids was observed. Both the acid persulfate and the alkaline permanganate oxidations of the compost humic-like acids yielded typical degradation products of lignins. Although the composition of the compost fractions was very similar to those extracted from straw, showing a low «maturation» degree of these substances and their origin from lignin, the oxidation products indicated several qualitative and quantitative changes, i.e.; the breakdown of the sidechain in the phenylpropane units, the oxidation of phenolics to benzenecarboxylic acids, the relative decrease in the proportion of the long-chain aliphatic components, the significant increase in the number of degradation products, etc. These effects may differ when compost was prepared in fairly aerobic conditions. In these case, the direct microbial contribution is more evident, and several products of probable fungal origin appeared, while a lower alteration of lignin was observed.
19 páginas, 3 figuras, 2 tablas, 23 referencias.
Peer reviewed
Inoculation, Composting, Paja, Biodegradation, Triticum aestivum, Straw, Composts, Compostaje, Composta, Biodegradación, Inoculación
Inoculation, Composting, Paja, Biodegradation, Triticum aestivum, Straw, Composts, Compostaje, Composta, Biodegradación, Inoculación
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