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handle: 10261/45492
[ES] La determinación de plomo en muestras sometidas a contaminación ambiental, como aguas naturales y productos alimenticios es de creciente interés debido a los efectos fisiológicos de la ingestión de plomo. La Espectrofotometría de Absorción Atómica no tiene suficiente sensibilidad para la determinación de plomo a nivel de ppb y es necesario utilizar la atomización electrotérmica mediante horno de grafito. No obstante, los iones cloruro constituyen una grave interferencia en este método. La extracción del plomo a pH=4,0 con 1-pirrolidin-ditiocarbamato amónico en cloroformo, proporciona un método de preconcentración y la simultánea eliminación de la interferencia del cloruro. El método propuesto alcanza un límite de detección de 0,5 µg. L-1 de plomo con respuesta lineal en el intervalo de 5 hasta 100 µg. L-1 de plomo para inyecciones de 20 µL del extracto clorofórmico en el horno de grafito. El método propuesto ha sido aplicado con excelentes resultados, a la determinación de plomo en muestras de agua natural y en hojas de vegetales.
[EN] The lead determination in envirometal samples, such as natural waters and food has an increasing interest because of its physiological effects. Atomic-Absorption Spectrophotometry has not enough sensitivity for this determination at ppb level and an electrothermal atomization with graphite furnace is needed. However, chloride ions have an serious interfering effect on this method. The extraction of Lead at pH=4,O with ammonium 1-pyrrolidinedithiocarmate in chloroform, yields both a pre-concentration method and the elimination of chloride interference. The proposed method arises a detection limit of O,5 µg. L-1 of lead with a linear response from 5 up to 100 µg. L-1 of lead for a 20 µg. inyection of chloroformic extract into the graphite furnace. The proposed method has been applied to the determination of Lead in natural waters and vegetal material with excellent results.
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