Evidence has shown that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) are depolarized and that the expression of L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs) and the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ buffering system are upregulated. Arterial rings exposed to high K+ solutions develop a contraction with two components, namely, an initial or phasic component and a sustained or tonic component. Because LTCCs and SR have different functions in the phasic and tonic components of depolarization-induced contraction, this study investigated the role of LTCC-SR coupling in depolarized arterial rings of SHRs. In the absence of extracellular Ca2+, high external K+ or LTCC agonists elicited a transitory contraction, which was sensitive to nifedipine and was potentiated in SHRs. In the presence of extracellular Ca2+, cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), an SR Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) inhibitor, evoked a transient contraction that was significantly increased in SHRs. Although the phasic and tonic components were markedly increased in depolarized arterial rings of SHRs, they showed different voltage-dependence and sensitivity to SERCA inhibition. The tonic component was more sensitive to moderate depolarizations, and CPA selectively reduced the tonic component to the level observed in WKY rats. These results suggested that LTCC-SR coupling is potentiated in the sustained contraction of hypertensive VSMCs.