CC and FP acknowledge support from the Spanish MICINN’s Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Programme under grant MultiDark CSD2009-00064 and AYA2010-21231-C02-01 grant. CC was also supported by the Comunidad de Madrid under grant HEPHACOS S2009/ESP-1473. CC was supported as a MultiDark fellow. MPI acknowledges support from MINECO under the grant AYA2012- 39702-C02-01. GR is supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) through NRF-SGER 2014055950 funded by the Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MoEST), and by the faculty research fund of Sejong University in 2016. MVM acknowledges support from Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigacion e Innovaci ´ on Tecnol ´ ogica (PAPITT) ´ No IA102516, Proyecto Conacyt Fronteras No 281 and Proyecto LANCAD-UNAM-DGTIC-319. We acknowledge the use of the CURIE supercomputer at Tres` Grand Centre de calcul du CEA in France through the French participation into the PRACE research infrastructure, the SuperMUC supercomputer at Leibniz Supercomputing Centre of the Bavarian Academy of Science in Germany, the TEIDE-HPC (High Performance Computing) supercomputer in Spain, and the Hydra cluster at Instituto de F´ısica Teorica, (UAM/CSIC) in Spain. ´ Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington and Yale University

We analyse the broad-range shape of the monopole and quadrupole correlation functions of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 12 (DR12) CMASS and LOWZ galaxy sample to obtain constraints on the Hubble expansion rate H(z), the angular-diameter distance DA(z), the normalized growth rate f(z)σ(z) and the physical matter density Ω h. We adopt wide and flat priors on all model parameters in order to ensure the results are those of a 'single-probe' galaxy clustering analysis. We also marginalize over three nuisance terms that account for potential observational systematics affecting the measured monopole. However, such Monte Carlo Markov Chain analysis is computationally expensive for advanced theoretical models. We develop a new methodology to speed up the analysis. Using the range 40 h Mpc < s < 180 h Mpc, we obtain {DA(z)r/r (Mpc), H(z)r/r km s Mpc, f(z)σ(z), Ω h) = {956 ± 28, 75.0 ± 4.0, 0.397 ± 0.073, 0.143 ± 0.017) at z = 0.32 and {1421 ± 23, 96.7 ± 2.7, 0.497 ± 0.058, 0.137 ± 0.015) at z = 0.59 where rs is the comoving sound horizon at the drag epoch and r,fid = 147.66 Mpc for the fiducial cosmology used in this study. Combining our measurements with Planck data, we obtain Ω = 0.306 ± 0.009, H = 67.9 ± 0.7 kms Mpc and σ = 0.815 ± 0.009 assuming ∧cold dark matter (CDM); Ω = 0.000 ± 0.003 and w=-1.02 ± 0.08 assuming owCDM. Our results show no tension with the flat ∧CDM cosmological paradigm. This paper is part of a set that analyses the final galaxy clustering data set from Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey. © 2017 The Authors

Chuang, Chia-Hsun et al.-- Full list of authors: Chuang, Chia-Hsun; Pellejero-Ibanez, Marcos; Rodríguez-Torres, Sergio; Ross, Ashley J.; Zhao, Gong-bo; Wang, Yuting; Cuesta, Antonio J.; Rubiño-Martín, J. A.; Prada, Francisco; Alam, Shadab; Beutler, Florian; Eisenstein, Daniel J.; Gil-Marín, Héctor; Grieb, Jan Niklas; Ho, Shirley; Kitaura, Francisco-Shu; Percival, Will J.; Rossi, Graziano; Salazar-Albornoz, Salvador; Samushia, Lado; Sánchez, Ariel G.; Satpathy, Siddharth; Slosar, Anže; Thomas, Daniel; Tinker, Jeremy L.; Tojeiro, Rita; Vargas-Magaña, Mariana; Vazquez, Jose A.; Brownstein, Joel R.; Nichol, Robert C.; Olmstead, Matthew D.