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Generación de fluidos metamórficos: Perspectivas desde experimentos de fusión por deshidratación e hidrotermales

Authors: Repczyńska, M. M.; Molina, J. F.; Cambeses, Aitor; Montero, P.; Bea, F.; Itano, K.; Pujol-Solà, Núria; +3 Authors

Generación de fluidos metamórficos: Perspectivas desde experimentos de fusión por deshidratación e hidrotermales

Abstract

[ES] Los fluidos y fundidos generados por reacciones de deshidratación durante el metamorfismo progrado influyen significativamente en el contenido de elementos traza y la composición isotópica de los magmas corticales. La composición de estas fases así como sus efectos sobre los minerales anhidros a la escala de grano son cuestiones importantes aún sin resolver. En este trabajo se han realizado experimentos con cilindros de granito en un horno vertical, 1200-800 ºC, en atmósfera de N2. También realizamos experimentos de lixiviación en Bombas de Teflón (170ºC y 10 bares) y autoclave (550ºC y 1.5 kbar). Los resultados de los experimentos en cilindros de roca indican que la moscovita experimentó fusión por deshidratación para formar fundidos ultrabásicos y peraluminosos con contenidos más altos en Na y más bajos en K que la moscovita original. Por el contrario, la biotita experimentó una deshidratación subsolidus para producir óxidos y un fluido acuoso rico en álcalis. El feldespato potásico no nucleó en el sitio de deshidratación; en cambio, el K y otros elementos incompatibles fueron transportados por los fluidos expulsados, induciendo reacciones metasomáticas en la plagioclasa. Los experimentos de lixiviación en biotita revelan intercambio de cationes (K+ por Na+ y Ca2+) en soluciones salinas (NaCl, CaCl2) y una pérdida casi total de Rb, Li, Cs y Ba. Estos resultados experimentales demuestran: (i) un mecanismo de descomposición de moscovita por fusión por deshidratación y de biotita por deshidratación subsolidus; y (ii) una movilidad de elementos incompatibles durante la descomposición de biotita y moscovita, y el lixiviado de biotita por soluciones salinas con una alta capacidad metasomatizante.

[EN] Fluids and melts generated by dehydration reactions during prograde metamorphism significantly influence trace elements and isotopic composition of crustal magmas. The composition of these mobile phases and their effects on anhydrous minerals at the grain-size scale are outstanding issues. In this work, we conducted experiments on granite rock cylinders in a vertical furnace, 1200 to 800 ºC, with an N2 atmosphere. We also performed complementary leaching experiments in Teflon Bombs (170oC and 10 bars) and autoclave (550ºC and 1.5 kbar). The results of rock cylinder experiments indicate that muscovite underwent dehydration melting to form ultrabasic, peraluminous melts with higher Na and lower K than the starting muscovite. In contrast, biotite underwent subsolidus dehydration to yield spinel, Fe-Ti oxides and alkali-rich aqueous fluids. The K-feldspar did not nucleate at the dehydration site; instead, K and other incompatible elements were transported by the expelled fluids, inducing metasomatic reactions in plagioclase. Leaching experiments on biotite reveal cation exchange (K+ by Na+ and Ca2+) from saline solutions (NaCl, CaCl2), and almost total loss of Rb, Li, Cs and Ba. These experimental results demonstrate: (i) contrasting behavior of muscovite and biotite during their breakdown, i.e., dehydration melting in the former and subolidus dehydration in the latter; and (ii) mobility of incompatible elements during biotite and muscovite breakdown and biotite leaching by saline solutions with a high metasomatizing capacity.

Comunicación oral presentada en XI Congreso Geológico de España, Ávila 2-6 de julio 2024

Keywords

Metasomatismo, Fluidos, Fusión, Biotita, Deshidratación

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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