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handle: 10261/372900
[ES]: Una rama de la historia internacional de la Guerra Fría ha abordado el papel de los discursos y prácticas de la modernización en las relaciones de Estados Unidos con sus aliados autoritarios en el Tercer Mundo entre las décadas de 1950 y 1970. Sin embargo, dicha bibliografía se ha interesado mucho menos por aquellas dictaduras amigas de Washington que, como en el caso del régimen de Franco en España, no encajan en el marco analítico de las nuevas naciones poscoloniales. Este artículo estudia la contribución de la teoría de la modernización a la política exterior estadounidense hacia la dictadura española durante los años sesenta. Analiza cómo dicha teoría proporcionó al gobierno norteamericano un marco conceptual para justificar su colaboración con el régimen de Franco en nombre del desarrollo y la estabilidad política. El trabajo argumenta que las ideas de la modernización fueron utilizadas por la diplomacia estadounidense como marco interpretativo de la agitada evolución socio-económica de España y como herramienta de legitimación política al servicio de los intereses estratégicos de la superpotencia. De este modo, la investigación trata de arrojar luz sobre los fundamentos ideológicos e intelectuales de la alianza americana con la dictadura franquista durante la «era del desarrollo».
[EN]: One stream of the international history of the Cold War has addressed the role of the discourses of modernization in U.S. relations with its authoritarian allies in the Third World between the 1950s and 1970s. However, this literature has neglected those dictatorships friendly to Washington that, as in the case of the Franco regime in Spain, do not fit into the analytical framework of the new postcolonial nations. This article studies the contribution of modernization theory to U.S. foreign policy toward the Spanish dictatorship in the context of economic and social development in the 1960s. It analyzes how this theory provided the US government with a conceptual framework to justify its collaboration with the Franco regime in the name of development and political stability. The paper argues that the ideas of modernization were used by U.S. diplomacy as an interpretative framework for the turbulent socio-economic evolution of Spain and as a tool for political legitimization in the service of US strategic interests. Thus, the research attempts to shed light on the ideological and intellectual foundations of the American alliance with the Franco dictatorship during the «development era».
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